颗粒阻尼器减振机理及影响减振效率参量的定量研究

The particle damping technology has been widely concerned in the anti-seismic field of structural engineering because of its small change to the original system and the stability of the filled particles. However, the most physical model of particle damping is the single particle / single mass model, this model can not reflect the cascade of particles contact, collision and friction in the particle damper; The physical essence of particle damping and the key factors that affect the damping effect are mainly concentrated in the limited experimental research, and lack of quantitative research on many influencing factors. This project is aiming at the requirements of particle damping vibration technology in structural engineering, to establish the theoretical model of multi particle damper random collision, to carry out the study on mechanical properties of the mode, quantitative analysis of the particles contact, friction, collision and the energy and force transfer patterns in these processes, then gives the mathematical characterization of the damping; The effect of particle damper is numerical simulated by discrete element method simulation in the engineering structure, quantitative evaluat parameters influence the damping effect, extract the best parameters. In order to optimize the structural design of the particle damper. This is can provide the theoretical basis and guidance for the design and construction of the engineering vibration reduction.

颗粒阻尼减振技术因其对原系统改动很小，填充颗粒稳定性好且几乎不受环境因素影响的优点，在结构工程抗震减灾领域受到广泛关注。然而，目前其颗粒阻尼减振的物理模型多局限在单颗粒/单一质量块模型中，该模型无法体现工作状态下颗粒阻尼减振器中多颗粒接触、碰撞和摩擦的级联性；颗粒阻尼减振的物理本质及其影响减振效果关键因素的研究则主要集中在有限的实验研究中，且缺乏对诸多影响因素系统的定量研究。本项目针对颗粒阻尼减振技术在结构工程中的应用需求，拟建立多颗粒阻尼器随机碰撞的理论模型，开展其力学性能研究，定量分析颗粒间接触、碰撞、摩擦以及这些过程中的能量、力的传递模式，给出颗粒阻尼器阻尼减振的数学表征；借助离散元法对颗粒阻尼器进行数值仿真，定量评估影响减振效果的表征参量，提炼出最佳表征参量。以期对颗粒阻尼器进行结构优化设计，为工程减振设计与施工提供理论依据与指导。

项目以颗粒阻尼减振装置为研究对象，重点研究了单单元多颗粒阻尼减振装置中多颗粒系统碰撞减振过程，提出了多颗粒系统中颗粒-壁面随机碰撞的理论模型，给出了碰撞后颗粒速度概率分布函数，解决了碰撞后颗粒速度预测难题，从而避免代价较高的颗粒减振实验；结合离散单元法对单单元多颗粒阻尼减振装置中的颗粒-床面随机碰撞过程进行数值仿真，阐释了影响耗能减振的因素，指出该过程中摩擦耗能占主导，并且与项目中多层框架颗粒减振试验得到的耗能机理定性上相一致，为今后的优化减振装置结构设计提供理论依据。本项目的研究始终按计划进行，受本项目资助：在国内外专业学术期刊发表3篇论文，其中EI数据库收录2篇，CSCD数据库收录1篇，1篇国内会议论文获得“第十四届全国环境力学会议优秀学生论文奖”。培养硕士研究生6名，1名硕士研究生获得国家奖学金。