空爆冲击波与高速破片的联合作用机理及载荷特性研究

The issue of combined damage effect of air-blast waves and high-velocity fragments has become one of the hotspots as well as difficulties in the research field on warship topside protection, while the load calculation of the combined effect is the key point of the study on their damage problem. The present research mainly focuses on the combined effect of air-blast waves and high-velocity fragments, using the methods of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation with the help of necessary mechanism experiments. Attention will be respectively paid to the generation and energy-assignment mechanisms of air-blast waves and high-velocity fragments after the explosion of warheads, analytical model of their propagation and attenuation of velocity and energy, mechanisms of combined effect and its load characteristics of air-blast waves and high-velocity fragments acting on representative structures. The energy-assignment model will be established by considering the characteristics of both shell and explosive. The analytical models of velocity attenuation as well as energy attenuation will be presented by taking the coupling effect of air-blast waves and high-velocity fragments into account. A load calculation model will be developed relating to the combined effect of air-blast waves and high-velocity fragments. The aim of the present research is to explore the mechanism and load form of the combined effect of air-blast waves and high-velocity fragments in the case of non-contact air blast at different stand-off distances, seek the main influencing factor of combined effect, so as to provide the basis of load input for the design and effectiveness calculation as well as evaluation of warship topside protective structures, and meanwhile, provide a reference for other studies on structures resisting explosion and impact in other protection fields.

空爆冲击波与高速破片的联合作用毁伤问题已成为舰船水上防护研究领域的热点和难点之一，而联合作用下的载荷计算是其毁伤问题研究的关键。本项目以空爆冲击波和高速破片的联合作用为中心，以理论分析和数值仿真为主要手段，结合必要的机理性实验，分别研究空爆冲击波与高速破片在战斗部爆炸后的形成及能量分配机制，空爆冲击波与高速破片在空中的传播、速度和能量衰减机制，空爆冲击波与高速破片对典型结构的联合作用机理及载荷特性，建立反映壳体和装药特性的战斗部空中爆炸下的能量分配机制模型，考虑空爆冲击波和高速破片耦合效应的速度和能量衰减分析模型，空爆冲击波与高速破片联合作用的载荷计算模型，探索空中非接触爆炸下冲击波与高速破片联合作用机理及不同爆距下的载荷形式，寻求影响联合作用的主要因素，为舰船水上舷侧防护结构的设计及其防护效能的计算和评估提供载荷输入依据，为其它防护领域结构的抗爆抗冲击研究提供参考。

空爆冲击波与高速破片的联合作用毁伤问题已成为舰船水上防护研究领域的热点和难点之一，而联合作用下的载荷计算是其毁伤问题研究的关键。本项目从空爆冲击波与高速破片两种载荷的形成、传播/运动以及联合作用三个方面，开展了空爆冲击波与高速破片的形成及能量分配机制研究、空爆冲击波与高速破片的传播/运动及衰减机制研究以及空爆冲击波与高速破片的联合作用机理及载荷特性研究。建立了半球头柱形战斗部、带壳圆柱体战斗部空中爆炸下的载荷分析模型，提出了密集破片穿甲能力估计方法和联合作用载荷试验方法。阐明了破片式战斗部空中爆炸下冲击波与破片耦合作用过程，揭示了空爆冲击波与破片在传播/运动过程中的相互影响机制。通过模拟战斗部近炸实验结合数值仿真分析，揭示了固支方板、夹芯复合舱壁结构以及多层复合结构的抗联合作用毁伤机理。建立了破片群穿甲能力等效方法以及夹芯复合舱壁结构抗战斗部近炸的防护能力理论评估方法。从载荷作用强度、作用时间角度提出了爆炸冲击波与高速破片联合/复合作用判据，可为防护结构设计提供参考。此外，还提出了抗导弹战斗部近炸夹芯式复合结构设计方法和安全防护速度计算方法。本项目的完成将为舰船水上舷侧防护结构的设计及其防护效能的计算和评估提供载荷输入依据，为其它防护领域结构的抗爆抗冲击研究提供参考。期间共支持培养硕士研究生4人，博士研究生1人，发表SCI论文1篇，EI论文17篇，参加学术交流活动1次。