麻疯树油/RP-3航空煤油混合航空燃料着火与燃烧特性研究

It has been well known that green-house-gases, in particular, CO2 have significant impact on global warming. For the purpose of limiting the contribution of CO2 on global warming, a number of attempts have been applied, for instance, previous work in literature has proved that the renewable biological energy is potentially most advantageous fuel for reducing carbon dioxide release. But there are fewer studies on the basic combustion characteristic of aviation bio-fuel in current researches. The experiments study on ignition and combustion characteristics of Jatropha curcas oil and Jatropha curcas oil/RP-3 blended fuel will be accomplished in this project. physical and chemical properties of Jatropha curcas oil and RP-3 kerosene is analyzed for the difference between them and the ignition delay characteristic, laminar combustion speed and markstein length of the two fuels will be gained from the implemented experiments of ignition and combustion characteristic in a shock tube and a constant volume burning bomb. The combustion reaction mechanism of Jatropha curcas oil, obtained small radicals and molecules and its oxidation and pyrolysis reactions which is proposed in the basic physical property analysis, can be integrated with the RP-3 kerosene reaction mechanism for the blended fuel reaction mechanism and they will be vertified its validity and accurate by means of the experiments. The reduced mechanism of the blended fuel, applying adaptive chemistry, sensitivity analysis, reaction flow and analysis direct relation graph, will be proved its availability. This research will present original achievement and that will provide the support and basis for the widely using blended aviation fuel and the Jatropha curcas oil and basic characteristic of aviation surrogates for main combustion chamber designing and improving in the aeroengine.

温室气体造成全球气候变暖，其中二氧化碳造成的影响较大。目前，人们正积极寻求降低二氧化碳排放的措施和手段，生物燃料无疑成为最具优势的碳氢燃料。但是生物航空燃料基础燃烧特性的研究较为缺乏。基于此，本项目开展麻疯树油及其与RP-3航空煤油的混合燃料的理化性质、着火与燃烧特性实验与数值研究。分析麻疯树油的理化性质，在激波管和定容弹中完成麻风树油及混合航空燃料的着火与燃烧特性的实验测试，获取燃料的点火延迟特性、层流燃烧速率和马克斯坦长度等。依据组份和物性提出麻疯树油氧化和裂解基元反应，结合小分子反应机理，形成麻疯树油燃烧反应机理，将其与RP-3航空煤油反应机理综合得到混合航空燃料详细燃烧反应机理，并进行简化，同时分别以麻疯树油和混合燃料的着火和燃烧特性实验数据验证其有效性和准确性。该项目必将获得原创性成果，为混合航空燃料和纯麻疯树油的使用提供理论和技术支持，为新型航机主燃烧室结构设计和改进提供支撑。

温室气体造成全球气候变暖，其中二氧化碳造成的影响较大。目前，人们正积极寻求降低二氧化碳排放的措施和手段，生物燃料无疑成为最具优势的碳氢燃料。但是生物航空燃料基础燃烧特性的研究较为缺乏。目前，本项目已经完成课题所有研究内容。获取了麻风树油、RP-3航空煤油大量的基础物理与化学性质，此基础理化性质将成为后续生物燃料特性研究的基础。在化学激波管中完成了项目预定混合航空燃料的着火延迟期特性实验，混合航空燃料与纯航空燃料着火延迟性质近似。着火延迟期随着火温度的升高、初始压力的升高、当量比的增加而降低；着火延迟期同样与初始温度、初始压力、当量比、燃料或氧化剂浓度等参数满足Arrhenius形式的关系；混合航空燃料中麻风树油的增加降低了混合燃料的着火延迟期。在定容燃烧弹内完成了混合航空燃料的燃烧特性实验，分析得到了燃料的层流燃烧速率和马克斯坦长度等。在RP-3航空煤油燃烧化学反应基础上，耦合麻疯树油表征燃料的氧化和裂解基元反应，形成RP-3航空煤油/麻疯树油混合航空燃料燃烧反应机理，该机理包括196种组分，1027个基元反应。采用敏感性分析方法和路径依赖方法，对详细机理进行了简化，得到了102种组分、528个基元反应的简化反应机理。混合燃料详细与简化反应机理分别以麻疯树油和混合燃料的着火和燃烧特性实验数据验证其有效性和准确性。利用详细反应机理与简化反应机理对不同工况着火特性进行了计算，并与实验数据进行了对比分析。该项目为混合航空燃料和纯麻疯树油的使用提供理论和技术支持，为新型航机主燃烧室结构设计和改进提供支撑。对混合燃料燃烧反应机理的简化工作仍将继续，并将努力使RP-3航煤/麻风树油混合燃料表征燃料反应机理组分数降至50种以下，使之更好地与工程燃烧计算相结合。