杏鲍菇出菇生育期的二氧化碳循环控制模型研究

The annual cultivation of organic edible fungi, which is represented by Pleurotus eryngii named "Liupanshan Jane", has the most modern agricultural characteristics in Ningxia. It is an industrialization of production mode. Studying the control theory of enviromnetal factors is an important foundation to enhance the Pleurotus eryngii quality and production. The carbon dioxide concentration is a key factor in the growth and development of Pleurotus eryngii. In present, the effect mechanisms of carbon dioxide is not clear, and the control mechanisms of carbon dioxide concentration have to be improved in the developmental stages of primordium and fruit bodies. Combined with our previous findings on the monitoring technology, in this project, we will study model design and verification methods due to breathing control tests. Through of the breathing-control tests under different level of the carbon dioxide, we will explore the dynamic variation of primordium's breathing entropy, study the relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and the growth forms of stipe and cape of fruit body. The purpose of these work is to clear the effect mechanisms of carbon dioxide concentration for primordium number and development form of fruit body. Subsequently,we will establish a cycle-control model of carbon dioxide in the fruiting fertility period of Pleurotus eryngii. A suitbale and annual control strategy for Liupan Mountain areas will be formed. All of efforts above will provide a new theoretical and practical basis for researching and developing the cultivation technology of annual factory production of rare edible fungi. The results has important influence in the eco-recycling industry chain of "grass-mushrooms-livestock-fat"in the Northwest farmland areas of China.

杏鲍菇为代表的"六盘山珍"有机食用菌周年栽培是宁夏最具现代农业特征的产业化生产方式。研究环境因子的调控理论是提升杏鲍菇品质与产量的重要基础。作为生长发育中的关键影响因子之一，二氧化碳浓度在杏鲍菇出菇生育期的作用机理目前尚不明晰，调控机制有待完善。结合我们前期对环境因子监控技术的探索成果，研究基于呼吸控制试验的模型设计与验证方法；通过不同二氧化碳浓度水平的呼吸控制试验，探寻杏鲍菇原基形成期的呼吸熵动态变化规律，分析二氧化碳浓度与子实体菌柄、菌盖生长形态间的关系，力图揭示二氧化碳浓度变化对原基形成数量和子实体发育形态的影响机理；系统建立出菇生育期的二氧化碳循环控制模型，形成六盘山区适宜的杏鲍菇栽培环境因子调控策略。为西北退耕区珍稀食用菌的工厂化周年栽培技术研发提供新的理论依据和实践基础，对"草-菇-畜-肥" 生态循环产业链的形成有重要影响。

阐明CO2在杏鲍菇出菇生育期的作用机制，是设计栽培环境最佳调控策略的基础之一。基于本项目，研究、提出栽培环境因子实时数据的远程、精准获取方法，开发、应用环境因子监控平台，设计、实现了杏鲍菇出菇生育期的呼吸控制试验；系统建立原基图像识别系统和原基形成速率的软测量模型；通过构建子实体不同生长阶段的CO2浓度循环控制模型，阐明了CO2浓度变化对原基形成数量、速率和子实体发育形态的影响机制，表达了CO2浓度对子实体农艺学性状的影响规律，进一步完善了杏鲍菇出菇生育期的因子调控理论；综合、提出的系列化因子调控策略适用于六盘山区的杏鲍菇栽培，为西北退耕区珍稀食用菌的工厂化周年生产提供了具有一定创新性的理论方法和技术支持。项目执行期间，在国内核心期刊发表论文8篇，在国际学术会议发表论文4篇，其中2篇被SCI、EI检索；获得授权实用新型专利4项、软件著作权1项；培养硕士研究生7名，其中5名已取得硕士学位，2名在读。项目投入专项经费44万元，支出30.354239万元，各项支出基本与预算相符。剩余经费13.645761万元，计划用于本项目研究后续支出。