基于Ag纳米结构阵列对N2H4的痕量检测及其SERS增强机制研究

Hydrazine is a common liquid propellant, which can cause different degree of pollution to the environment due to the reason of leakage during the operation. Because hydrazine has strong toxicity, trace amounts of hydrazine will cause harm to human body, therefore, detection of trace hydrazine is of great significance. Taking the instant, trace amount and portable detection of the hydrazine in water for target-towing, and taking the Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) effect-based Raman detection for approach, in this project, aiming at the key material-issues, we put forward, (i) modify the hydrazine by probe molecule in order to get high SERS activity; (ii) fabricate Ag nanostructured arrays through glancing angle deposition by electron beam evaporation, which designed based on electromagnetic theory and using polystyrene as template; (iii) Through the finite element numerical simulation and near-field scanning optical microscopy imaging, study in deep and systematically, on local electromagnetic field enhancement effect, SERS activity and their dependences on the structural parameters; (iv) taking the Ag nanostructured arrays with the highest activity as the SERS substrate, establish a method for instant, trace amount and portable detection of the hydrazine in water, and laying the foundation for detection and warning of environment pollutants.

肼是一种常见液体推进剂，在推进剂的各项作业中，由于泄漏等原因，会对环境造成不同程度的污染。由于肼具有较强毒性，痕量的肼会对人体造成伤害。本项目以水体中肼的快速、痕量、便携式检测为需求牵引，以表面增强拉曼效应（Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering, SERS）的拉曼检测为实现途径，针对其关键的材料问题，拟开展：①通过探针分子对肼分子进行修饰，以获得高SERS响应；②结合电磁理论设计、以PS等微球阵列作为模板，由电子束沉积的倾斜生长技术构筑具有高SERS活性的Ag纳米结构阵列；③通过有限元模拟计算和近场扫描光学显微成像，揭示局域电磁场增强、SERS活性以及纳米阵列结构之间的关系；④最后选取高SERS活性基底，建立水体中肼的快速、痕量、便携式的检测方法，为其在环境污染物的快速检测和预警等领域的应用提供奠定基础。

以聚苯乙烯微球阵列为模板，采用电子束蒸发的倾斜生长技术，实现了具有高SERS活性、树枝状Ag纳米结构周期阵列的制备。对肼进行了化学修饰，以Ag纳米结构周期阵列为检测的SERS基底，建立了肼的快速、痕量、便携式检测方法。通过模拟计算和近场光学显微镜的表征，揭示了纳米结构、局域电磁场和SERS活性之间的联系。研究成果对高活性SERS基底的设计与构筑等领域的研究有指导意义。