碳纤维复合多芯光纤布及其结构加固与监测一体化系统

Structural seismic strengthening can extend the service life of the building structures and improve their anti-seismic performance effectively. However, how to evaluate the strengthening results for these strengthened structures and to monitor its health condition during the service period still face a lot of challenges. The aim of this research is to develop a self-sensing CFRP strengthening material and the corresponding monitoring and evaluation system by organic combining the CFRP with the multicore distributed optical fiber and piezoelectric ceramic sensor, thus the strengthening performance and the working condition of the strengthened structures can be effectively evaluated based on the long-term, real-time, and on-line monitoring using this developed self-sensing CFRP strengthening material. In this sstudy, the mechanical properties of materials, the mechanism for structural monitoring and detection, and the cooperative work and compound technology for the CFRP material and two kinds of embedded sensors were firstly studied with the theoretical derivation and laboratory specimen tests. Then, with the help of numerical simulation and full scale modal experimental test, the monitoring feasibility of the working status and health condition for these self-sensing CFRP strengthened concrete structures were investigated by applying the static and quasi-static loading tests for the concrete beam, column and frame joint, respectively. Therefore, it is very meaningful and a great potential for the research to evaluate the strengthening performance, realize the health condition monitoring and guarantee the normal running and service safety for the strengthened concrete structures.

结构抗震加固可以有效地延长建筑结构的使用寿命，提高其抗震性能。然而，目前针对加固结构的实际加固效果以及其在后续服役期健康状况的评定，仍面临诸多局限。本课题旨在研发一种带自感知功能的碳纤维布加固监测一体化系统，通过将多芯分布式光纤和压电陶瓷传感器复合在碳纤维布加固材料中，制成碳纤维复合多芯光纤布，使其兼具结构加固和智能感知的双重功能，实现加固结构工作状态和健康状况的长期实时在线监测。本课题首先对碳纤维布和两种传感器的材料力学性能、结构监测识别机理、协同工作和复合工艺进行理论和试验研究；之后，通过有限元数值仿真和实验室足尺模型试验，对钢筋混凝土梁、柱、框架节点进行静力或拟静力加载试验，对比检验其结构抗震加固和健康状态监测的效果。本课题的研究成果将对检验结构加固效果、掌握结构健康状况、保障结构服役安全，具有重要意义。

粘贴碳纤维布法是目前提高结构承载力、延长结构寿命的重要加固补强手段，但加固效果及后续服役健康状况的评价却依旧存在众多局限。本课题针对碳纤维加固与监测一体化的工程重大需求，将多芯光纤与碳纤维布有机融合，旨在探究多芯光纤多参量同步监测理论，研制多功能光纤复合制品，并开发与之配套的光纤解调系统。为此，本课题首先系统研究了多芯光纤的结构应变、温度、振动监测理论，探究了七芯光纤不同纤芯同步采集、交叉感知的可行性，研制了多芯光纤多参量一体化解调仪，实现了多种物理参量的同步解调。并基于此提出了一套基于多芯光纤的振动定位、定量、分类识别算法，研发了复合七芯光纤的智能碳布、智能筋（锚杆）、智能拉索（钢绞线）三种集加固监测功能于一体的复合产品，建立了一套涵盖传感端、采集解析端的多参量一体化结构健康监测感测系统和评价方法。.之后，基于多芯光纤多参量同步采集特性研究结果，本课题还进一步探究了其在钢筋混凝土梁、管道类结构构件中挠曲变形、松动泄漏以及周界安防入侵定位识别等领域的应用，提出了基于七芯光纤不同纤芯独立、协同工作的理论和方法，可利用不同纤芯实现多参量互补进而提高监测精度，建立了基于Φ-OTDR光纤测振技术的振动定位、定量、分类多维识别算法，发展了其在周界安防、管道病害监测和入侵识别等工程监测领域的应用。综上，本课题研制开发的多芯光纤复合加固制品、多芯光纤多参量一体化解调仪，以及提出的多芯光纤复合加固监测一体化理论，为多芯光纤传感技术在土木建筑加固服役监测领域的实际应用奠定了坚实的理论和实践基础。