基于石墨烯约束阻尼微结构的混杂复合材料性能研究

There is a tendency for advanced composites to possess both high strength and high damping properties in the future. How to construct optimal materials and structures is a challenging issue. Graphene opens a door for us to obtain high-performance composites due to its extremely high strength, large surface area, and controllable morphology. In this proposal, we present a new idea of construction of graphene-based microcells with constrained-damping structures. We will combine graphene with elastic polymers together to fabricate constrained-damping microspheres, in which the graphene plays an important role in constraining motivation of elastomers, resulting in a significant damping reinforcement. We further use these microspheres to fabricate damping layers, and laminate composites with high strength and satisfactory damping properties. Microstructure of these microspheres is characterized using FIB and SEM, and their static and dynamic mechanical behavior is measured by nanoindentor and AFM. We further use DMA and vibration analyzer for evaluating mechanical properties of nanocomposites. Theoretical analyses are also carried out for simulating and predicating static and dynamic properties of nanocomposites. As a result, we can obtain graphene-based hybrid composites with high strength and enhanced damping through optimal structure design. This project is beneficial to developing new methods for fabricating high-performance composites with fine microstructures and accelerating practical applications of graphene materials in composites industry.

兼具高强度、高阻尼性能是先进复合材料发展的必然趋势，如何优化构建阻尼材料与结构是迫切需要解决的关键问题。石墨烯以其高强度、高比表面积和形态可调控特性为制备高性能复合材料提供了新的设计思路。本项目提出构建石墨烯约束阻尼微结构的设计思想，将石墨烯与聚合物复合制得石墨烯包裹弹性体的约束阻尼复合微球，集材料阻尼与结构阻尼于一体，表现为优异的阻尼增强特性；进而构建粘弹阻尼层、经共固化获得兼有高强度和高阻尼性能的多尺度复合材料。利用FIB技术表征复合微球的精细结构，采用纳米压痕仪和AFM评价其力学响应行为，采用DMA和激励振动法测试复合材料的粘弹阻尼性能；结合复合材料混合定律及约束阻尼结构模型分析，阐明约束阻尼微结构对复合材料阻尼减振性能的影响规律，实现对复合材料力学性能的精确调控。为发展构筑多尺度结构功能一体化复合材料提供新的设计思路，有助于推动石墨烯在先进复合材料领域的工业化应用进程。

兼具高强度、高阻尼性能是先进复合材料发展的必然趋势，如何优化构建阻尼材料与结构是迫切需要解决的关键问题。本项目提出构建石墨烯约束阻尼微结构的设计思想，将石墨烯与聚合物复合制得了石墨烯包裹弹性体的约束阻尼复合微球，集材料阻尼与结构阻尼于一体，表现为优异的阻尼增强特性；进而构建了粘弹阻尼层、经共固化获得兼有高强度和高阻尼性能的多尺度复合材料。表征了复合微球的精细结构，采用动态力学分析仪评价了其力学响应行为，采用激励振动法测试了复合材料的粘弹阻尼性能；阐明了纳米复合材料静态及动态力学的显著增强机理，实现了对复合材料力学性能的精确调控。为发展构筑多尺度结构功能一体化复合材料提供新的设计思路，有助于推动石墨烯在先进复合材料领域的工业化应用进程。