基于复合编码脉冲串的水下主动隐蔽性探测新方法研究

The application environment of underwater active detection system (for instance torpedo homing, sonar and so on) has become increasingly complicated. When detecting submarine, the detection system would generate high power sound wave, which can be easily capture by enemy's interception receiver. Once captured, the system will confront the risk of deceived by underwater acoustic countermeasure equipments or destroyed by hard killing weapons. In addition, the application of noise elimination and stealth technologies also increased the difficulty of detecting enemy submarine. Under such circumstances, how to effectively conceal the detection system while detecting enemy submarine has become extremely urgent. The occurrence of Underwater Concealed Active Detection (UCAD) provides a new theory and technical approach for the underwater active detection system. In this project, new theory and methods of UCAD will be researched. The innovative points are as follows:.1. Compound Coding Pulses (CCP) waveform will be proposed..2. Aiming at ultra-wideband CCP, the target echo model in complex underwater acoustic channels will be established..3. Active detection methods matched with the CCP echo will be presented..4. An anechoic tank experimental scheme for the simulation of UCAD will be proposed. A set of experiment system will also be constructed..The aim of this project is to provide theoretical and experimental basis for the underwater active detection system to realize the anti-counterwork, anti-interference and detecting anechoic submarine.

鱼雷、声纳等水下主动探测系统的使用环境已变得十分复杂，这些系统在探测潜艇时，所产生的大功率声波易被敌方的水下截获接收机截获。探测系统的发射信号一旦被截获，就面临着遭受水声对抗器材诱骗或者被硬杀伤武器摧毁的威胁。另外，潜艇消声隐身也增加了探测系统对其探测的难度。在这种情况下，主动探测系统如何在发现敌潜艇的同时又有效地隐藏自己, 已成为迫切需要解决的关键问题。水下主动隐蔽性探测(UCAD)为主动探测系统提供了新的理论和技术途径。本项目研究UCAD的新理论和新方法，(1)提出UCAD的复合编码脉冲串(CCP)波形；(2)针对超宽带的CCP波形，建立复杂水声信道中的目标回波模型；(3)提出与CCP波形的回波相匹配的主动检测方法；(4)提出UCAD的模拟实验方法，并研制一套UCAD消声水池模拟实验系统。旨在为水下主动探测系统在复杂使用环境下实现反对抗、抗干扰和对付隐身潜艇提供理论与实验基础。

密切结合水下低截获主动隐蔽性探测的迫切需求，针对传统大功率脉冲体制的主动探测系统易被截获的问题，深入研究了水下主动隐蔽性探测的理论、方法和模拟实验。设计了大时间带宽积的复合编码脉冲串（Compound Code Pulses，CCP）波形，分析了CCP波形的低截获隐蔽性能；建立了复杂水声信道中CCP波形的回波模型，分析了目标运动、有限带宽、多途效应、混响等水声信道诸多因素对目标回波的影响；研究了隐蔽探测信号的主动目标检测方法，提出了与回波和混响相匹配的最佳检测方法、任意信号的运动补偿相干积累方法、抑制脉冲干扰的多脉冲回波非线性积累算法和基于距离走动校正的解匀速运动目标距离模糊算法；建立了以低截获因子为主要指标的水下主动隐蔽性探测评估指标体系，得到了包含声源级、传播损失、水下主动探测系统参数、水下截获机参数在内的隐蔽性性能评估结果；构建了一套水下主动隐蔽性探测水池实验系统，通过水池实验验证并完善了所提出的部分理论和方法。该项目的研究成果可用于水下精确制导、声纳、水声反对抗、海洋地质勘探等领域，也可推广用于雷达、通信和导航等相关领域。