超导磁液复合轴承高速涡轮泵转子系统润滑膜相变和快速启动下的振动特性研究

The development of a new generation of carrier rocket is one of the 100 major projects during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, which has important strategic significance. This project will conduct vibration characteristics researches of high-speed turbopump rotor system supported by superconducting magnetic force and liquid-film force compound bearings under phase-transition of lubricating film and fast-start conditions with the application background of LH2/LO2 liquid rocket engine and research object of turbopump rotor system supported by superconducting compound bearings, which centers two scientific issues, “Lubrication model and static/dynamic characteristics of wedge-type and tilting-pad superconducting compound bearings under superconducting magnetic unloading and thermally induced phase-transition” and “Strong hysteresis phenomena and suppression methods of low-frequency vibration of superconducting compound bearing high-speed turbopump rotor system under fast-start condition”. The study contents are as followings: two kinds of stability enhanced structures of superconducting compound bearings and the analysis of superconducting magnetic force; lubrication model and static/dynamic characteristics of superconducting compound bearings under superconducting magnetic unloading and thermally induced phase-transition; time-variation dynamic model and vibration characteristics of superconducting compound bearing-rotor system; experimental researches of vibration characteristics of superconducting compound bearing-rotor system under phase-transition of lubricating film and fast-start conditions. This project will provide more solid theoretical and technical foundations for the application of superconducting compound bearings in high-speed turbopump. And it can also be valuable for the development of reusable liquid rocket engine.

发展新一代运载火箭是十三五期间100个大工程之一，具有重要战略意义。本项目以液氢液氧火箭发动机为应用背景，以超导磁液复合轴承高速涡轮泵转子系统为研究对象，围绕“楔型、可倾瓦型超导磁液复合轴承磁力减载和热致相变下的润滑模型与静动特性”和“超导磁液复合轴承涡轮泵转子系统快速启动下的临界强滞后现象与低频振动抑制方法”两个科学问题，开展润滑膜相变和快速启动下的振动特性研究。研究内容：超导磁液复合轴承的两种增稳结构及磁力特性分析；超导磁力减载和热致相变下磁液复合轴承润滑模型和静动特性分析；超导磁液复合轴承转子系统的时变动力学模型和振动规律研究；润滑膜相变和快速启动下超导磁液复合轴承转子系统振动特性实验研究。研究成果将为超导磁液复合轴承在高速涡轮泵中的应用提供更为扎实的理论和技术基础，并对可重复使用液体火箭发动机的发展有参考价值。

本项目以液氢液氧火箭发动机为应用背景，以超导磁液复合轴承高速涡轮泵转子系统为研究对象，建立超导磁液复合轴承涡轮泵转子系统的振动分析方法并提出增稳结构超导磁液复合新型轴承。围绕“楔型、可倾瓦型超导磁液复合轴承磁力减载和热致相变下的润滑模型与静动特性”和“超导磁液复合轴承涡轮泵转子系统快速启动下的临界强滞后现象与低频振动抑制方法”两个科学问题，开展了润滑膜相变和快速启动下的振动特性研究。主要研究内容有：超导磁液复合轴承的两种增稳结构及磁力特性分析；超导磁力减载和热致相变下磁液复合轴承润滑模型和静动特性分析；超导磁液复合轴承转子系统的时变动力学模型和振动规律研究；建立涡轮泵转子超导磁液复合轴承系统的时变或瞬态动力学分析方法，揭示快速启动下转子系统临界和稳定性的性能规律，提出系统低频振动抑制方法。润滑膜相变和快速启动下超导磁液复合轴承转子系统振动特性实验研究。本项目最具特色的研究成果有：搭建超导磁液复合轴承涡轮泵转子系统动力学模拟试验台。测试得到液膜的温升数据用于修正复合轴承的静动特性理论数据，测试得到液膜的温升数据用于修正复合轴承的静动特性理论数据，进而修正了转子动力学性能分析结果，布置振动位移传感器，测试得到转子快速升速至稳态过程的振动数据，分析了临界特性和稳定性。布置振动位移传感器，测试得到转子快速升速至稳态过程的振动数据，分析临界特性和稳定性。对新型超导磁液复合轴承在火箭涡轮泵中的应用做进一步的深入研究，提供了更为扎实的理论和技术基础；另一方面，有望成倍提高液体火箭涡轮泵转速，对于发展新一代可重复使用液体火箭发动机有意义。本项目的预期指标均满足要求：已发表和录用论文23篇（含20篇SCI/EI）；培养博士研究生2人，硕士研究生4人（均已毕业）。