轻量化整体壁板激光加热成形基础理论研究

Lightweight structure is one of the important parts of aerospace, automotive, rail transportation. The space station cabin structure integrally stiffened panel is a typical kind of such structures. The research proposal of forming such structure by using laser induced internal stress is put forward. The material science, heat transfer, thermal elastic-plastic mechanics theory is used to study the effects of grid stiffers on the forming process, and the equivalent plastic model of such laser forming process is established; then the database of laser forming process is established by experiments and simulations. On the basis of the above research, the relationships between the geometrical properties and the laser scanning path、process parameters are established by study on the discrete surface flattening with the characteristics of laser forming process；then the planning of the laser scanning strategies is realized；at last, by researching the on-line measurement and intelligent control of the forming process, the automatic NC feedback control on laser forming process is realized and the forming precision is improved. The study provides a new method for the forming of large space station cabin structure integrally stiffened panel, and it also provides technical reserves for its application in other fields.

轻量化结构件是航空航天、汽车、轨道交通等领域的一种重要零部件，本项目针对空间站密封舱主结构壁板结构等轻量化结构件的成形加工，提出了利用激光加热诱导材料内部应力变化使其成形的技术方案，采用材料学、传热学、热弹塑性力学等相关理论对成形过程中网格加强筋对成形机制的影响进行研究，建立轻量化结构整体壁板激光热弯曲成形的等效塑性模型；通过实验与仿真初步建立其激光加热成形工艺数据库；在以上研究的基础上，研究符合激光加热成形工艺特点的曲面离散展开技术，建立轻量化结构整体壁板的几何性质与激光扫描路径及工艺参数之间的内在联系，实现对其激光加热成形扫描策略的动态规划；并最终通过对激光加热成形的在线测量及智能控制理论研究，实现对其激光加热成形过程的自动数控反馈控制，提高其成形的精度。该研究为实现大幅面航天空间站轻量化整体壁板结构的高效成形加工提供一种新的方法，并为激光加热成形技术在其他多领域应用提供技术储备。

轻量化结构件是航空航天、汽车、轨道交通等领域的一种重要零部件，本项目针对空间站密封舱主结构壁板结构等轻量化结构件的成形加工，提出了利用激光加热诱导材料内部应力变化使其成形的技术方案，采用材料学、传热学、热弹塑性力学等相关理论对成形过程中网格加强筋对成形机制的影响进行研究，建立轻量化结构整体壁板激光热弯曲成形的有限元模型；通过实验与仿真初步建立其激光加热成形工艺数据库；在以上研究的基础上，建立轻量化结构整体壁板的几何性质与激光扫描路径及工艺参数之间的内在联系，实现对其激光加热成形扫描策略的动态规划；并最终通过对激光加热成形的在线测量及智能控制理论研究，实现对其激光加热成形过程的自动数控反馈控制，提高其成形的精度。该研究为实现大幅面航天空间站轻量化整体壁板结构的高效成形加工提供一种新的方法，并为激光加热成形技术在其他多领域应用提供技术储备。