Oplopanax elatus (Nakai) is a type of precious medicinal plants that is valuable to exploit and utilize. The roots, stems and leaves of Oplopanax elatus contain many types of saponins. However, due to their poor permeability and low utilization rate in vivo caused by the multi glycosylation structure, the application of saponins in Oplopanax elatus was in great limitation in clinical practice. Microbial transformation has been proved to be an effective method for the structure modification of natural products. In our previous studies, high product yields and novel types of catalysis were obtained during the biotransformation process of triterpenoid saponins by endophytes. Endophytes can not only involve in secondary metabolism of plants, but also can produce secondary metabolites. Therefore, it is an inexhaustible source to develop new drugs and lead compounds. Based on the results of previous studies, aiming at finding the lead compounds with novel structure and stronger activity and discussing the rules and features of biotransformation, endophytes of Oplopanax elatus was used to modify the chemical structure of Oplopanax elatus saponins. These studies can be also used in discussing the degradation efficiency and mechanism of pesticide residues. . The project will not only provide a new lead compound to the treatment of tumor, but also open up a new way in the development and utilization of Oplopanax elatus resources.
东北刺人参作为一种珍贵的药用植物,极具开发利用价值。东北刺人参的根、叶和茎中均含有多种皂苷成分,但由于东北刺人参皂苷是多糖基结构,使得其对细胞膜的渗透性差,而生物利用度较低,因此直接在临床上应用受到极大的限制。微生物转化是天然产物结构修饰的有效手段。在前期工作中,我们发现,内生菌对三萜皂苷的生物转化具有转化率高、反应类型新颖等特点。内生菌参与植物次生代谢产物的转化合成,而且还能独立产生次生代谢产物,是发现新药及先导化合物的不竭来源。因此,本项目拟在前期研究基础上,利用内生菌对宿主化学成分的转化作用,开展东北刺人参皂苷的结构修饰,以寻求结构新颖、活性更强的先导化合物,探索其生物转化特点与规律,并探索内生菌降解东北刺人参残留农药的效能和机理。. 本项目将为肿瘤的治疗提供新颖的先导化合物,也将为东北刺人参资源的开发利用提供一个新途径。
本项目从人参属植物中分离对苷类活性物质具有转化能力的内生菌,探索内生菌对苷类活性成分的生物转化与生物合成,以及内生菌发酵提高东北刺人参皂苷含量的研究。此外,探索了东北刺不定根提取物的抑菌活性,农药甲霜灵的生物降解等,为东北刺人参资源的开发利用提供理论依据和优质的内生菌资源。. 首先,从人参中分离得到81种内生菌,从中筛选出产皂苷能力较强的三种内生菌,菌株PDA-2,LB-5和R2A-7。其中,菌株PDA-2产皂苷的能力最强,能够产生人参皂苷Rb1、F2、Rg3和Rh2,其总皂苷浓度达到146.01 mg/mL,稀有人参皂苷Rg3+Rh2浓度达到80.80 mg/L。此外,还从人参中分离得到人参皂苷生物转化高活性菌株GS17-7。该菌株将人参皂苷Rb1有效地转化为稀有人参皂苷Rg3,其转化率达到98%,转化路径为Rb1→Rd→Rg3。本研究为抗肿瘤稀有人参皂苷Rg3和Rh2的微生物发酵法生产提供理论依据. 其次,从东北刺人参根中分离得到78种内生菌,其中筛选出3种高活性菌株Bacillus subtilis PDA7、Agrococcus citreus NA22和Bacillus pumilus NA23,这三种菌株均能使Oplopanaxs elatus中总皂苷的含量提高2倍以上。最佳发酵条件为温度30℃,发酵pH7.0、接种量10%。此外,还开展了东北刺人参不定根提取物(OAE)的抑菌活性及其机制研究。结果表明,OAE对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌等4种细菌均有抑制作用。OAE的抑菌作用主要通过干预HMP途径和改变细胞通透来实现。. 最后,开展了甲霜灵的生物降解研究,经过富集,驯化处理得到的具混合菌群在初始浓度300 mg/L、葡萄糖浓度200 mg/L、接种量15%时,对甲霜灵降解率达到99%以上,而单一菌株对甲霜灵的降解能力相对弱,其降解率均60%以下。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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