自组织多元多层氧氮化物涂层刀具的微纳结构调控及高速切削性能研究

Focusing on the difficulties of high-speed machining superalloys, this proposal will develop fundamental research on novel multicomponent and multilayered oxynitride coated cutting tools for application at high temperature. Based on the new self-organizing nano-layered AlCrSiON coatings, the new self-organizing multicomponent and multilayered oxynitride coated cutting tools will be designed by combining nano oxynitride layers, gradient/multilayer structure, and self-adaptive surface layers. The multi-scale interrelationships among the deposition parameters, coating composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, and high-temperature and cutting tribological properties of the coatings will be investigated. The design rules on the multicomponent chemical compositions, and micro-nano hierarchical microstructure will be obtained. The temperature and cutting force distributions will be studied. The thermal and chemical stability of the coatings during high-temperature machining, and the surface and interface behavior will be considered. The machining tribology model of the multicomponent and multi-layered oxynitride coatings will be obtained. The evaluation system on machining performance of the fabricated coated tools are to be established. The mutual influences and inherent relations between the machining parameters of high-speed machining and the tool life and machining quality of the coated cutting tools will be explored. The achievements of this project will establish the technical base of designing and manufacturing the self-organizing multicomponent and multilayerd oxynitride coated cutting tools for application at high temperature. The direct outcome of this project will fulfill the needs of coated cutting tools on high-speed and high-efficiency machining superalloys.

针对高温合金的高速切削加工难题，进行新型耐高温多元多层氧氮化物涂层刀具的应用基础研究。基于自组织AlCrSiON纳米多层涂层，设计融合氧氮化物纳米多层、梯度/多层结构及自适应表面组织的新型自组织多元多层氧氮化物涂层刀具，研究工艺参数-涂层成分-组织结构-力学性能-高温/切削摩擦性能之间的关系和相互影响规律，揭示氧氮化物刀具涂层多元成分和微纳多级多层结构的设计原则和方法；研究高速切削过程中的温度场和切削力分布，考虑涂层的热/化学稳定性和表面/界面行为，获得自组织多元多层氧氮化物涂层刀具切削摩擦学模型；建立涂层刀具切削性能评价体系，探索高速切削加工工艺、刀具寿命和切削加工质量之间内在相互影响规律。研究成果将形成新型自组织多元多层氧氮化物涂层刀具设计和制备理论与应用技术基础，为满足高温合金高速高效加工对刀具的需求提供重要技术支撑。

本项目以具有良好机械性能和高速切削性能的AlCrSiN涂层为基础，进行了自组织纳米多层AlCrXON涂层的成分和结构设计，沉积不同氧含量和铌含量的AlCrSiON和AlCrNbSiON涂层，对涂层的显微结构、硬度、高温时效、高温氧化和高温稳定性、摩擦和切削加工性能进行系统研究，获得氧元素、铌元素含量、等离子辅助沉积参数等对自组织纳米多层涂层的微观组织结构和性能的影响规律，涂层在高温环境下的组织结构演化规律，以及涂层成分结构对涂层刀具高速加工性能的影响规律。基金工作按照原计划进行，实现了高界面结合强度、高硬高韧自组织纳米多层涂层稳定可控制备，获得涂层沉积位置、气体通入方式、涂层成分及等离子体密度和能量对涂层组织结构和性能的影响规律；揭示了富氮层/富氧层纳米多层涂层自组织生成的机制；获得了Nb的添加及纳米多层结构对涂层强韧化的作用机理。揭示了沉积工艺-涂层成分-涂层微观结构-涂层力学性能-涂层氧化性能-涂层高温稳定性-涂层摩擦学性能-切削性能之间跨尺度关联关系。