矢量光束的产生和调控机理及其在气溶胶微粒捕获上的应用

Vector beams have been the subject of much interest due to their abundant optical characteristics and potential applications. The objective of this project is to generate arbitrary polarization vector beams experimentally, study their new optical effects, and explore their applications in the trapping and manipulation of aerosol particles. An optical 4f system composed of reflecting spatial light modulator, wave plate and Ronchi grating, and so on, will be constructed to generate vector beams of arbitrary polarization state. Combined with model calculations based on the theories of Debye and cross-spectral density matrix element, the influence of incident laser properties on the intensity and polarization of focused vector beams will be studied, gaining insights on the dependence of focused optical field on properties of incident laser beams. Furthermore, another 4f system composed of quadrant photo-diodes and microscope will be designed and combined with Raman frequency shift measured by the spectrometer, to obtain the size of aerosol particles, the refractive index, and other parameters. These will be fed back to adjust the vector optical field, in order to trap the aerosol particles steadily, enabling a study of the mechanism of the interaction between the focused optical field and the particles. The results of this project will further our understanding of the mechanism of the generation and control of arbitrary polarization vector beams and provide scientific bases for the stable trapping of aerosol particles, accelerating applications and progresses of optical methods in other scientific fields.

矢量光束因其丰富的光学特性和广阔的应用前景而受到广泛关注。本项目旨在实验上产生任意偏振的矢量光束，揭示其新的光学效应，并讨论其在气溶胶微粒捕获与操纵等方面的具体应用。利用反射式液晶空间光调制器、波片、Ronchi光栅等构建的光学4f系统，产生具有任意偏振状态的矢量光束，结合基于交叉谱密度矩阵元理论和德拜理论的模型计算，分析入射矢量光束性质对聚焦光场强度、偏振特性的影响，探讨聚焦光场对入射矢量光束性质的依赖特性；构建基于四象限光电探测器和显微镜的4f系统，结合拉曼光谱频移测量值，获得气溶胶微粒的大小和折射率等参量，反馈并调节矢量光场，实现对气溶胶微粒的稳定捕获，探究聚焦光场与微粒相互作用机理。本项目将有助于进一步加深理解任意偏振态矢量光束的产生与控制机理，并为气溶胶微粒的稳定捕获提供科学依据，促进光学在其他学科领域中的应用和发展。

本项目旨在实验上产生任意偏振的矢量光束，揭示其新的光学效应，并讨论其传输及在微粒捕获与操纵等方面的具体应用。项目在矢量光束的产生方法、聚焦场的调控机制、光束的传输机理、光束质量的评价、聚焦场对微粒的作用力等方面进行了一定的研究。.开展了任意偏振态矢量光束产生的新方法研究。矢量光束的偏振态在光束横截面上按照一定规律分布，具有特定的偏振结构及强度分布。设计了基于反射式液晶光调制器、波片、光栅相结合的实验方案，搭建了实现矢量光场偏振和相位实时调控的新型装置，产生了具有不同偏振态分布的矢量光束，拓宽了矢量光束的产生途径。.开展了调控矢量光束聚焦场的方法研究。通过对矢量光束的相位、偏振度的调控，实现了偏振矢量聚焦场的控制，具体分析了聚焦场中可调控参量对微粒作用力及操纵的影响，评价了矢量聚焦光场的光束质量，优化了所需聚焦场的设计方案。.开展了矢量光束空间演化的研究。基于偏振相干统一理论和交叉谱密度矩阵元理论和德拜理论，研究了矢量光束的相干度、偏振度等参量对聚焦场光强的影响；对矢量光束聚焦特性进行分析，总结了聚焦过程中矢量光束空间演化的一般规律。.开展了矢量光场对微粒的作用力的研究。探求矢量光场对微粒的作用机制以及相关的光学效应，建立相应的动力学理论模型；构建光镊系统，通过调节矢量光束相位、偏振度等参量，探究了聚焦场中不同尺度、形状微粒的动力学行为，揭示了聚焦光场的光学特性，实现了聚焦场对微粒的稳定捕获与操纵。