表面糖基功能化纳米纤维细菌检测膜的构筑及运行机理研究

With the previous studies on preparation of nanofiber and synthesis of glycopolymer, a nanofiber membrane is designed and built which could detect bacteria rapidly and accurately and realize test paper detection of bacteria. According to the microstructure characteristics of cell wall, we design and synthesize the surface functioned nanofiber membrane with different micro/nano spatial structure and glycopolymer topology. Elucidate the enzyme operating mechanisms of the loading, desorption, diffusion and catalytic colour-developing reaction, research the methods to increase the ability of recognition and detection against bacteria, resolve scientific difficulties of bacterial test paper. Discover the detection mechanism and analyze the effect regularity between physicochemical properties of the nanofiber membrane and its bacterial detection ability. Ideal bacteria detection strip will be successfully prepared that could detect bacteria rapidly and accurately by regulating the micro/nano spatial structure and glycopolymer topology on the nanofiber membrane surface. Finally, obtain the theoretical achievements about how to prepare bacteria detection strip that fully meet the ASSURED principle.

针对现有细菌检测方法的不足，以热塑性纳米纤维制备技术和功能性糖基聚合物合成为基础，设计、构筑能够快速、准确检测细菌的纳米纤维膜，实现细菌的试纸化检测。依据细菌表面微结构特征，设计、制备表面具有不同图案化三维空间微观结构并由多种拓扑结构糖基聚合物功能改性的纳米纤维膜；揭示膜结构对酶的负载-细菌诱导解吸附-膜表面可控转移-催化显色各过程的影响规律和控制手段，探索提高细菌识别和检测能力的技术途径；解决细菌试纸化检测中专一识别和低阈值的技术难题，建立试纸化细菌检测材料的综合评价体系及方法；通过调控纳米纤维细菌检测膜表面图案化三维微观结构和功能性糖基聚合物拓扑结构，筛选出对细菌具有专一性识别和低阈值检测能力的纳米纤维细菌检测膜，阐明细菌检测试纸的运行机理，为研制完全符合WHO提出的ASSURED原则的新型细菌检测方法提供有益借鉴。

细菌滋生是人类健康的严重威胁，致病菌的高效检测是提升公共健康卫生水平的重要手段。传统的细菌检测方法具有高度的选择性、专一性和准确性，但是检测周期长、过程繁琐、工作量大、需要专业设备和人员操作。这制约了其大规模的推广应用，也无法满足细菌即时检测的需要。本项目针对现有细菌检测方法的不足，发展了纳米纤维细菌检测膜制备新技术；构筑了不同物理化学结构的纳米纤维细菌检测膜，揭示了纳米纤维细菌检测膜对细菌的识别和检测机制；系统研究了纳米纤维膜对细菌的刺激响应热力学和动力学过程，细菌浓度与纳米纤维膜表面光度变化在5-6个数量级范围内呈现线性相关性，探索了提高细菌检测试纸识别和检测能力的技术途径和理论模型；考察了纳米纤维膜对多种物质的抗干扰性，阐明了纳米纤维细菌检测膜的抗干扰机制；验证了纳米纤维细菌检测膜在创面模拟液、人工尿液、牛奶、湖水、自来水、饮用水等多种环境下的实际应用性能；基于Bland-Altman数据分析法，评价了所研制纳米纤维细菌检测膜所测得结果与传统方法的一致性，完善了试纸化细菌检测材料的综合评价体系及方法。相关研究在Chemical Communications, Journal of Materials Chemistry B等国际期刊上发表SCI论文8篇，申请发明专利4项（2项已授权）。