EPE型双亲嵌段共聚物在细粒萤石浮选体系中的强化分散作用及其浮选特性研究

The project is aim to solve the problem of heterocoagulation in fine fluorite / quartz / calcite flotation system. Based on the theory of sterically repulsive force, the non-ionic PEO-PPO-PEO amphiphilic triblock copolymer is introduced. Using amphiphilic triblock copolymers to adsorb on both valuable and gangue minerals, which provides a steric barrier for slime coating, then displace the triblock copolymers from valuable minerals by fatty acid collectors, finally the fine and ultra-fine fluorite concentration is obtained. In this project, the model of mineral systems with slime coating is established, and the reason of heterocoagulation is discussed. The advanced monitor and analysis methods, such as SFG, AFM are adopted for studying the sterically repulsive force and adsorption mechanism of amphiphilic triblock copolymer on the surface of minerals. Meanwhile, the relation between the structure of copolymer and the wettability of minerals and the collector are explored, additionally the method and theory of mitigating slime coating by EPE-like amphiphilic triblock copolymer is established. The successful implementation of this project will provide the support for increasing the fluorite concentration, developing the novel dispersant and solve slime coating problems of other mineral system with important scientific significance and application value.

本项目针对细粒萤石和石英/方解石浮选体系中存在的异相凝聚问题,基于高分子空间位阻作用理论,提出采用非离子型EPE型双亲嵌段共聚物同时作用于有用矿物和脉石矿物表面, 强化颗粒间的分散作用,最终利用脂肪酸类捕收剂实现细粒萤石高效浮选分离的方法。课题通过建立萤石细粒包覆模型,探讨体系中矿物颗粒相互凝聚的原因，结合SFG、AFM等多种测试分析手段，系统研究EPE型双亲嵌段共聚物在矿物颗粒表面的吸附机理及其空间位阻效应，探索高分子共聚物结构与矿物颗粒表面润湿性的内在联系,解析其与浮选药剂之间的相互作用形式,从而构建EPE型双亲嵌段共聚物消除萤石细粒包覆的方法和理论,为提高萤石浮选指标、研发新型高分子分散剂、解决其他矿物细泥罩盖问题提供技术支持和理论指导,具有重要的科学意义和工程应用价值。

细粒罩盖是矿物加工中的常见问题，本课题以萤石和细粒石英为研究对象，采用双亲嵌段共聚物Pluronic triblock copolymer F-127消除细粒石英在萤石颗粒表面的罩盖，提出了一种消除矿泥罩盖，改进矿物浮选的新方法。课题通过研究F-127的强化分散作用及其与捕收剂油酸钠的相互关系，发现双亲嵌段共聚物F-127能够通过分子结构中的PPO疏水链段同时吸附在萤石和石英表面，并利用PEO亲水链段延展至水相，通过空间位阻作用实现细粒石英与萤石颗粒间的分散。同时，双亲嵌段共聚物F-127能够促进捕收剂油酸钠在萤石表面的吸附，并对油酸钠在石英表面的吸附基本没有影响。因此，双亲嵌段共聚物F-127即能消除细粒石英在萤石表面的罩盖，同时促进捕收剂油酸钠在萤石表面的吸附，有效的实现了两种矿物的浮选分离。本项目的有效实施和推广，不仅构建了EPE型双亲嵌段共聚物消除细粒罩盖的方法和理论，为提高萤石浮选指标，研发新型高分子分散剂提供技术支持和理论指导，并为其他矿物体系中相关问题的解决提供了新的思路，具有重要的科学意义和工程应用价值。