Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic inflammatory diseases. Despite great efforts to understand the etiology of IBD and to improve treatment, IBD will remain a major health concern for the gastrointestinal community for the foreseeable future. The ability to maintain the epithelial barrier integrity is critical in protecting host from a hostile environment in the intestinal lumen. Dysregulation of immune responses plays a critical role in the disease progression of IBD. It has been shown that excessive proliferation of the cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), reduced number of regulator T cells (Tregs) or dysfunction of Tregs are associated with the intestinal mucosa injury. Recent studies identified that Tregs-secreted soluble fibrinogen-like protein (aFGL2) had immunosuppressive effects. It can inhibit DC maturation, induce B cell apoptosis, and attenuate T cell proliferation. Our recent studies indicated that the expression levels of sFGL2 was significantly increased in IBD patients and were correlated to the disease severity. However, the role of sFGL2 in regulating immune response and modulating disease progression of IBD remains to be determined. The major objective of this study is to examine the role of sFGL2 in regulating immune response in the intestinal tract and further identify the underlying mechanisms using sFGL2+/+ and sFGL2-/- IBD mouse models. Furthermore establish the basis for IBD's diagnose and therapy.
炎症性肠病(IBD)是一种慢性非特异性肠道炎症性疾病,其中免疫调节异常是其发病的重要因素。效应T细胞过度增殖,Treg细胞数量减少或功能异常,均可打破肠道内免疫平衡,从而导致肠黏膜损伤,诱导IBD发生。近来的免疫学研究证实,分泌型纤维蛋白原样蛋白-2(sFGL2)是Treg细胞分泌的效应分子,通过抑制树突状细胞(DC)成熟,诱导B细胞凋亡,从而导致效应T细胞增殖及免疫活性减弱,最终发挥免疫抑制作用。我们以往的研究发现在人的IBD肠道组织中sFGL2的表达升高。我们提出假设:sFGL2作为Treg细胞的效应分子,发挥免疫调节活性抑制IBD的进展。为此,我们采用FGL2+/+ IBD小鼠和基因敲除后的FGL2-/- IBD小鼠模型,观察在sFGL2调节肠道免疫平衡的作用,并探讨相关的机制。为IBD的临床诊治奠定基础。
炎症性肠病(Inflammatory bowel diseases,IBD)是一种慢性非特异性肠道炎症性疾病,溃疡性结肠炎(Ulcerative colitis, CD)和克罗恩病(Crohn disease, CD)是其主要类型。目前,IBD的发病机制尚未阐明,现有的临床药物治疗存在一定的局限性。研究发现多种因素参与IBD的发生发展,包括肠道免疫紊乱、遗传因素、肠道菌群失调等,其中免疫因素被认为在IBD的发生发展中起着重要的作用。纤维蛋白原样蛋白 2(Fibrinogen-like protein 2,FGL2)可由 CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg 细胞分泌表达,FGL2 作为该细胞的效应分子,具有一定的免疫调节活性。体外实验表明,FGL2通过抑制树突状细胞(Dendritic cells,DC)成熟,诱导B细胞凋亡,从而导致效应T细胞增殖及免疫活性减弱,最终发挥免疫抑制作用。在我们的前期研究中,我们发现IBD病人FGL2的表达水平是上调的,但其在IBD病人的具体作用仍然是未知的。我们提出假设:FGL2作为Treg细胞的效应分子,发挥免疫调节活性抑制IBD的进展。为此,我们构建了FGL2基因敲除小鼠和采用了DSS诱导的IBD模型,观察在FGL2调节肠道免疫平衡的作用,并探讨相关的具体机制。我们发现在 DSS 诱导的结肠炎小鼠中,缺乏 FGL2 蛋白能加重结肠炎的疾病活动,上调了 T 细胞相关免疫应答效应,在此过程中 Th17 细胞活化增加,最终导致 Th17/Treg 细胞在体内的免疫失衡。另外,我们也发现缺乏FGL2蛋白能够加重肠道上皮细胞和树突状细胞中NF-κB信号通路的活化,上调树突状细胞表面共刺激分子的表达,包括CD80,CD86,CD40和MHC II。同时回输FGL2重组蛋白使敲除型小鼠加重的表型部分恢复。以上结果证实了在 DSS 诱导的结肠炎中,FGL2 具有明显的抗炎和免疫抑制作用,并且参与调节 Th17/Treg 细胞之间的免疫平衡;FGL2发挥抗炎作用的机制可能是通过抑制肠道上皮细胞(Intestinal epithelium cells,IECs)和黏膜固有层树突状细胞(Lamina propria dendritic cells,LPDCs)中的NF-κB信号。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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