应用于电化学酶传感器的聚苯胺基超分子导电水凝胶

The conductive hydrogels are highly desirable and valuable for the development of various modern electronics. However, it is less used in electrochemical biosensor. Here, based on polyaniline, we designed the supramolecular hydrogels by connecting natural or synthesized polymers through hydrogen bond cross-linking, then the enzyme were loaded and metal nanoparticles were in situ reduced to enhance the sensing efficiency; the synthesized polymers of PEG and polybetaine gives the anti nonspecific protein adsorption function of the hydrogel. We hope to break through the critical bottleneck of poor enzyme loading rate, low sensitivity, and nonspecific protein adsorption of the biosensor. To establish the controllable and effective preparation technology of the supramolecular conductive hydrogel; the relationship between microstructure and properties were systematically investigated; the synergistic effect between polyaniline and polymers will be conducted; the high conductivity and high enzyme loading rate are maintained as well, and the prepared smart hydrogel will be used as biosensors of high sensitivity and low detection limit, which provide a theoretical basis and technological support for the development of electrochemical enzyme biosensor.

导电水凝胶因其导电性和生物相容性显示出良好的应用前景，但在电化学生物传感器方面应用较少。本项目以PANI类导电聚合物为基础，拟制备通过氢键交联的天然高分子/PANI超分子导电水凝胶，以此为基础负载酶，并原位还原金属纳米粒子以增强传感效率，由此提升灵敏度；制备通过氢键交联的PEG/PANI和聚甜菜碱/PANI超分子导电水凝胶，赋予传感器抗非特异性蛋白吸附的功能。实现PANI与高分子二元协同及优势互补，期望突破普通电化学酶传感器所面临的酶负载率差、灵敏度低、非特异蛋白吸附等关键瓶颈。系统考察PANI基超分子导电水凝胶的制备，建立并完善超分子导电水凝胶的可控制备技术；探索导电水凝胶微观结构与性能之间的相互关系，阐明各组分之间相互协同所表现出的特殊纳米效应；保持生物酶高负载率的同时具有高导电率，实现灵敏度的提高和检测限的降低,为研制新型电化学酶传感器提供理论依据与技术支持。

导电水凝胶因其导电性和生物相容性显示出良好的应用前景，但在电化学生物传感器方面应用较少。本项目以PANI类导电聚合物为基础，制备了一种掺杂Au@MnO2复合纳米粒子的基于聚苯胺的超分子导电水凝胶，并将其应用于生物电化学传感器，实现对人体代谢物质尿酸的检测；构筑了一个基于离子微凝胶的直接电子传递型葡萄糖生物电化学传感器，此传感器不需要任何介质及氧气的参与就可实现对葡萄糖的高效检测；设计了一种将带正电荷的具有温度响应性的微凝胶引入水凝胶基质从而增强水凝胶粘附性的新方法；制备了两种带相反电荷的聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺P(NIPAm)微凝胶并构筑了一种抗污型电化学免疫传感器，将其用于链霉素(STR)的检测中；设计了一种以聚胞嘧啶(poly-C)为锚点的双嵌段DNA生物传感器，用于灵敏、特异性的检测卡那霉素(KAN)；基于DNA模板化共聚物，设计了一种新颖的电化学适配体传感器用于对ATP的检测。实现了PANI与高分子二元协同及优势互补，突破了普通电化学酶传感器所面临的酶负载率差、灵敏度低、非特异蛋白吸附等关键瓶颈。系统考察PANI基超分子导电水凝胶的制备，建立并完善超分子导电水凝胶的可控制备技术；探索导电水凝胶微观结构与性能之间的相互关系，阐明各组分之间相互协同所表现出的特殊纳米效应；保持生物酶高负载率的同时具有高导电率，实现灵敏度的提高和检测限的降低,为研制新型电化学酶传感器提供理论依据与技术支持。