交替极切向励磁游标永磁电机研究

The "flux hinder effect" in the regular spoke-magnetized vernier permanent magnet (PM) machines limits the torque density, resulting in the waste of the PM material. This project proposes a novel consequent-pole spoke-magnetized vernier PM machine, which can effectively eliminate the “flux hinder effect”, reduce the PM usage, and increase the torque density. In this project, the consequent-pole spoke-magnetized vernier PM machine is considered as the research focus. First, the basic theory and characteristics of stator-PM and rotor-PM consequent-pole spoke-magnetized vernier machine will be analyzed. Thus, the basic theory system of this kind of motor can be constructed. Second, a general design method and guideline of the consequent-pole spoke-magnetized vernier PM machine will be established. Third, in order to further increase the power factor and torque density without increasing the cost, some new types of consequent-pole spoke-magnetized vernier PM machine will be given. Based on the above three aspects, a complete set of basic theoretical analysis system and design method for consequent-pole spoke-magnetized vernier PM machine can be provided, which is able to give theoretical supports for the applications with rigorous performance demands, especially new energy vehicles and new energy power generations.

传统切向励磁游标电机中存在“磁障效应”，限制了切向励磁游标永磁电机的转矩性能，造成了永磁体材料的浪费。本项目提出一类新型交替极切向励磁游标永磁电机，可有效消除“磁障效应”，减少永磁体用量，同时提升电机转矩密度。本项目以交替极切向励磁游标永磁电机为研究对象，重点围绕定子永磁型和转子永磁型交替极切向励磁游标电机进行基础理论和特性分析，构建该类电机的基础理论体系；建立通用的交替极切向励磁游标永磁电机综合设计方法与准则；进一步提出新型高性能交替极切向励磁游标永磁电机结构，在不增加成本的情况下提高电机功率因数、转矩密度等关键性能。最终形成一套完整的关于交替极切向励磁游标永磁电机的基础理论分析体系和设计方法，为该类电机在高性能场合尤其是新能源汽车、新能源发电等领域的应用提供理论支撑。

相较于传统永磁电机，游标永磁电机的转矩密度更高、转矩波动更小，在多种应用领域均具有很好的应用前景。但是游标永磁电机还存在一些问题：在高极比切向励磁游标永磁电机中，由于反向充磁的永磁体会导致磁路以“之”字形来回穿梭气隙，使低极数的电枢磁场磁路磁阻增大，转矩密度降低，这种现象被称为“磁障效应”。为了解决这一效应，本项目提出一类新型交替极切向励磁游标永磁电机，大大减小了低极数电枢磁场的磁路磁阻，从而显著增加了切向励磁游标永磁电机的反电势和转矩密度。本项目围绕交替极切向励磁游标永磁电机这一研究对象，深入剖析了其工作机理，建立了一套运行理论和优化设计方法，为实际工程应用奠定理论基础；此外，为了进一步提升切向励磁游标永磁电机的转矩密度、功率因数等性能，本项目提出了双定子切向励磁、双边调制交替极切向励磁等拓扑结构，研究证明：在电机成本与复杂度基本不变的前提下，可有效提升转矩密度达10%以上，功率因数提升达9%，效果显著。本项目已发表SCI论文17篇，EI论文8篇，授权发明专利11项，获得2019年日内瓦国际发明展金奖、2020年国际电机大会最佳论文奖、2020年中国电工技术学会技术发明一等奖、2021年欧盟玛丽居里计划卓越奖，项目负责人高玉婷入选了2019年德国“洪堡学者”和2021年日本学术振兴会外国人特别研究员。