真菌-细菌修复土壤菲污染过程中的协同降解和迁移作用机制研究

A widespread contamination of soils with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is one of the serious environmental damages which urgently need to be addressed. Fungus-bacterium co-cultures have aroused considerable public concerns with respect to their high ability of PAHs remediation. However, the mechanisms in PAHs bioremediation by fungus-bacterium still need to be studied thoroughly. In this proposal, phenanthrene is selected as the target pollutant, a PHE-degrading bacterial strain Massilia sp. WF1, isolated from an aged PAHs-contaminated soil, was chosen as one of our research strains. The hydrophilic mycelial fungus (F) has the synergetic degradation of phenanthrene with WF1 will be isolated from the PAHs-contaminated soil. Here we investigate the phenanthrene degradation pathway of F-WF1 co-culture by metabolites. In addition, the migration of WF1 and phenanthrene by F mycelia and the migration effect on phenanthrene biodegradation will be studied through agar simulation, soil incubation experiments. Besides, we illuminate WF1 and phenanthrene migration mechanisms combining with microorganism characteristics, thermodynamics, mechanics analysis, transmembrane transport characteristics of phenanthrene and microscopical techniques. The aims of the proposal are to reveal the mechanisms of synergetic biodegradation and migration during PHE remediation in soil by mycelia fungus-bacterium co-culture, furthermore, to provide the scientific and technological supports for its practical application.

土壤多环芳烃（PAHs）污染是亟待解决的环境污染问题之一，真菌-细菌共培养体系由于其较高的PAHs的污染修复能力，引起了人们的广泛关注。然而，对于真菌-细菌修复土壤PAHs污染的机制还缺乏全面深入的认识。本项目以PAH-菲为污染物，首先从PAHs污染土壤中筛选获得能与菲高效降解细菌Massilia sp. WF1（WF1，已从PAHs污染土壤中分离获得）共同促进菲降解的亲水性丝状真菌F，通过菲降解产物分析探究F-WF1共培养体系对菲的协同降解途径；采用琼脂块模拟、土壤培养试验研究F菌丝对降解细菌WF1和污染物菲的迁移以及迁移作用下菲的降解；结合菌体特性，热力学、力学分析，菲跨膜运输特性及显微技术明确菌丝对WF1和菲的迁移机制。旨在揭示丝状真菌-细菌共培养体系修复土壤菲污染过程中协同降解及迁移作用机制，为土壤有机污染物微生物修复的实际应用提供理论及技术支撑。

土壤多环芳烃（PAHs）污染是亟待解决的环境污染问题之一，真菌-细菌共培养体系由于其较高的PAHs的污染修复能力，引起了人们的广泛关注。然而，对于真菌-细菌修复土壤PAHs污染的机制还缺乏全面深入的认识。本项目以PAH-菲为污染物，首先从PAHs污染土壤中筛选获得丝状真菌和菲高效降解细菌，构建真菌-细菌共培养体系。通过土壤/液体培养、实时定量PCR以及16S rRNA测序探究真菌-细菌共培养体系对菲的协同降解及土著微生物的响应；采用琼脂块模拟、培养试验研究真菌菌丝对降解细菌和污染物菲的迁移作用；结合菌体特性、菲跨膜运输特性及显微技术明确菌丝对细菌和菲的迁移机制。旨在揭示丝状真菌-细菌共培养体系修复土壤菲污染过程中协同降解及迁移作用机制，为土壤有机污染物微生物修复的实际应用提供理论及技术支撑。