面向海量用户的下一代多系统网络RTK位置服务平台的理论算法及其实现

Network RTK has become the most widely used high-precision positioning technology. After years of development, due to the active ionosphere or large station height difference, RTK still has some problems such as instability of positioning results, inadequate utilization of GNSS data, etc. Meanwhile, as the public positioning market is expanding day by day, the limitation of the number of its online users at the same time severely limits its service scope and urgently requires technological innovation This project researches the method to correct the network RTK ionospheric error model based on mobile base stations, the RTK tropospheric delay elevation correction model, the GLONASS frequency deviation estimation algorithm based on network RTK, the complete monitoring and fusion theory based on massive observation data, the correction broadcast mode based on smart grid and build mass-user oriented next generation multi-system network RTK location service platform. Based on this platform, the massive real-time observational data of GNSS base stations and users are comprehensively used to improve the network RTK in the instability of positioning, insufficient data utilization and limited number of users when the ionosphere is active or the station height difference is large, providing users with accurate, stable and high-available location services. The research of this project will play a great role in the field of public high-precision positioning and realize another innovation of GNSS positioning technology.

网络RTK已成为现今运用最广泛的高精度定位技术，经过多年的发展，其仍然存在电离层活跃或站间高差较大情况下定位结果不稳定、GNSS数据利用不充分等不足，且在大众定位市场日益扩展的今天，其同时在线用户数量受限的缺陷严重制约着其服务范围，迫切需要技术革新。本项目研究基于流动基准站修正网络RTK电离层误差模型的方法、网络RTK对流层延迟高差改正模型、基于网络RTK的GLONASS频间偏差估计算法、基于海量观测数据的完备性监测和融合处理理论、基于智能格网的改正数播发模式并搭建面向海量用户的下一代多系统网络RTK位置服务平台。以此平台为基础，综合运用GNSS基准站和用户的海量实时观测数据，改善网络RTK电离层活跃或站间高差较大情况下定位不稳定、数据利用不充分以及用户数量受限等不足，为用户提供精确稳定、高适用性的位置服务。本课题的研究将在大众高精度定位领域发挥巨大作用，实现GNSS定位技术的又一次革新。

网络RTK是当前高精度GNSS定位的主流技术，目前市面上比较好的网络RTK软件平台包括美国天宝公司的Trimble Pivot、瑞士徕卡公司的GNSS Spider等，但这些软件价格不菲，有严苛的用户数量有限制，且不提供定制服务。为此有必要自主研发无用户数量限制的、提供定制服务的、支持GPS/BDS/GLONASS/GALILEO多系统的网络RTK位置服务平台。本项目解决了多模网络RTK中的诸多算法难题，采用分布式构架，搭建了面向海量用户的下一代多系统网络RTK位置服务平台——DreamNET，具备世界一流的处理精度和稳定性，实现了对国外Trimble/Leica软件垄断的逐步替代，极大地推动了本领域顶级软件平台的国产化率；针对不同模式、不同环境、不同质量的基准站和流动站GNSS观测数据，建立一套严密的质量控制方案以及大气产品融合处理模型，充分提取海量数据中的有效信息并将其用于网络RTK位置服务的增强，以提高系统的整体精度、稳定性和适用性；研究基于智能格网的改正数播发模式，依据区域的实时大气信息，实时动态更新格网大小和格网点改正信息，实现面向海量用户的稳定可靠的高精度定位服务。共发表论文43篇，其中SCI 论文24篇，培养博士10名，硕士6名，申请发明专利9项，获科研奖励5项。