可充电无线传感器网络的关键技术研究

The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) technology is regarded as one of the key technologies of future Internet of Things (IoTs). But the network lifetime ends once a node in the network depletes its energy since every node in WSNs is powered by non-replaceable battery. The limitation of network lifetime caused by energy constraints of sensor nodes is a critical issue of WSNs and an obstacle in the way of applying WSNs technology widely. With the technological progress in energy harvesting and wireless charging, sensor nodes can harvest energy from the environment or be recharged through wireless charging. This is the so-called Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs). WRSNs technology is a new opportunity for overcoming the lifetime limitation of traditional WSNs. We plan to investigate four main parts of WRSNs for typical application scenarios in this project, including sensor recharging efficiency model, network protocol design, wireless recharging schemes and methods for co-existence of heterogeneous WRSNs. The main results of this project will be highly effective network protocols based on a complete sensor recharging efficiency model, practical wireless charging schemes and methods for co-existence and deployments of heterogeneous WRSNs. The outcome of this project can help pave the way for the wide use of WSNs.

无线传感器网络技术被认为是物联网的关键技术之一。无线传感器网络中的节点通常由电池供电且不可替换，一旦耗尽能量就停止工作，导致网络的生存周期结束。节点能量受限带来的生存周期问题是无线传感器网络的一个关键问题，是无线传感器网络技术被大范围应用的一个显著障碍。随着技术的进展，无线传感器网络中的节点可以从环境中获取能量，或者通过无线充电的方式补给能量，这就是可充电无线传感器网络。可充电无线传感器网络技术为突破传统无线传感器网络的生存周期困境创造了新的机遇。本项目旨在结合典型应用场景，从充电效率模型、网络协议设计、无线充电策略和网络异构共存方法四个方面展开对可充电无线传感器网络关键技术的研究。预期在建立完整的充电效率模型基础上，设计高效的跨层网络通信协议，提出实用可靠的无线充电策略和高效的异构网络部署和共存机制；为无线传感器网络技术大规模应用扫清障碍。

无线传感器网络技术是物联网的关键技术之一。可充电无线传感器网络技术旨在解决传统无线传感器网络的能量困境问题，为大规模应用无线传感器网络技术铺平道路。本项目着眼于“可充电传感器网络的关键技术研究”，着力解决可充电传感器网络中的几个关键问题：①充电模型问题；②网络协议问题；③充电机制问题；④安全充电问题。项目按原有计划执行完成。