胶粉改性沥青粘附性的机理解析与性能评价研究

The insufficient adhesion of crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA) has limited its popularization and application, the reasons of which are related to the "particle effect" and "absorption preference" of rubber powder in asphalt. These two characteristics lead to the facts that the adhesion failure of CRMA is prone to occur while the adhesion mechanism is complex, and it is difficult to accurately evaluate adhesion property with existing methods. As a result, the mechanism analysis and property evaluation of the adhesion characteristic of CRMA lack in-depth research. This project starts with the investigation of "particle effect" and "absorption preference" of rubber powder, and the adhesion mechanism of CRMA will be analyzed with microscopic and meso-analytical methods. Then, various adhesion evaluation methods will be improved and compared to establish the CRMA adhesion evaluation method, which should conform to its adhesion property. Finally, based on the adhesion mechanism, the influencing factors will be analyzed with the recommended evaluation method, and the adhesion improvement methods of CRMA will be explored. The research results will provide a theoretical basis and technical support for promoting the efficient application of CRMA.

胶粉改性沥青的粘附性不足限制了其进一步推广应用，原因与胶粉在沥青中的“颗粒效应”与“吸收偏好”特性有关。这两个特性导致了胶粉改性沥青容易发生粘附破坏、粘附机理更为复杂、难以采用现有的评价方法进行准确评价，使得胶粉改性沥青粘附性的机理解析与性能评价缺乏深入研究。本项目从胶粉的“颗粒效应”与“吸收偏好”特性入手，借助微、细观分析手段对胶粉改性沥青的粘附机理进行解析；随后对各种粘附性评价方法进行改进与比选，建立符合胶粉改性沥青粘附特性的评价方法；最后以粘附机理为基础、以推荐方法为性能评价依据，分析各影响因素作用规律，探究胶粉改性沥青粘附性的提升方法。研究成果可为推进胶粉改性沥青的高效化应用提供理论依据与技术支撑。

本研究对胶粉改性沥青粘附性的各种评价方法进行改进与比选，建立符合胶粉改性沥青粘附特性的评价方法；将胶粉改性沥青中的“颗粒效应”、“吸收偏好”与“降解作用”三大机制解耦开来进行分析，明晰了各影响因素作用规律，探究了粘附性提升方法，最后借助微、细观分析手段对粘附机理进行解析。. 本研究的主要结论是：.1.三大机制对于粘附性影响的强弱排序为：降解作用的负效应＞橡胶颗粒的负效应＞吸收偏好的正效应，沥青胶结料的粘附性排序为：基质沥青＞橡胶沥青＞TB溶解性胶粉改性沥青。.2.基于UTM拉拔试验揭示了需要从功的角度去评价胶粉改性沥青的粘附性能。.3.提出了新HWTD评价指标MR（水损害变形速率）指标，从而将胶粉改性沥青混合料的高温塑性流动（采用VR评价）与抗水损害性能分离开来评价。.4.各影响因素作用机制是三大机制平衡关系的变化，存在着最佳的胶粉掺量、目数及生产工艺。.5.发现了凡是促进胶粉降解的技术路线均会导致沥青的粘附性下降。.6.SBS复合改性的方法可以改善胶粉改性沥青的粘附性能及其混合料的抗水损害性能。.7.胶粉改性沥青的粘附性不能等价于其混合料的抗水损害性能，需要结合粘结功、弹性等因素综合评价。.8.微、细观分析手段证明了三大作用的存在，为宏观表象提供了机理解释。. 研究成果可为推进胶粉改性沥青的高效化应用提供理论依据与技术支撑。