无损失液体输运智能表面的仿生构筑与功能研究

The progress of human society is strongly dependent on the development of materials. Smart materials and devices is one of the most important research interests of today's high-tech materials fields. After four and half billions years of evolution, creatures in nature possess almost perfect structures and functions. The functional surface and interface is base for achieving advanced functions. Self-assembly is common in nature, which is an important approach for the creation of new materials and the generation of new functions. Inspired by biomaterial surfaces with directional liquid transportation, in combing with our research results in the fields of self-assembly and bioinspired smart interfacial materials, a project concerning the construction and application of bioinspired smart surfaces for no lost liquid transportation. The microratchet-like structures were constructed firstly on the electro-, magnetic-striction materials, then the nanoarrays were fabricated on these microstructures by self-assembly, resulting in the superhydrophobicity or superamphiphobicity. Utilizing external stimulus, controllable, no lost, smart liquid transportation would be achieved. The appliaction in the field of microfluid, the relationship between hierarchical structures and special wettability, and the formation mechanism vapor-liquid-solid three-phase contact line were also conducted. This should promote the practical application process of non-lost liquid transportation smart surface in the field of microfluid.

人类社会的进步是以材料的发展为基础。智能材料及其器件是当今高技术材料研究的重要领域之一。自然界中的生命体系经过45亿年的进化几乎完成了智能操纵的所有过程，功能表/界面是材料体系产生高级功能的源泉。自组装是自然界普遍存在的一种现象，是创造新物质和产生新功能的重要手段。受生物材料表面对水滴具有定向输运特性的启发，结合我们在自组装、仿生智能界面材料方面的工作基础，本项目拟开展仿生无损失液体输运智能表面的构筑与功能研究。首先在磁致、电致伸缩材料表面构筑微米棘齿结构，然后利用自组装技术在其表面定向生长纳米柱阵列，实现基底表面多尺度结构的构筑及超疏水或超双疏特性。通过施加外场刺激，实现液滴在基底表面的可控、无损、智能输运，探索该材料在微流体领域的应用。深入研究影响液滴智能输运的因素，揭示材料微观结构与宏观性能之间的本质关系及气、液、固三相界面作用机理。以推动无损液体输运智能表面在微流体领域的应用进程。

自然界是人类各种技术思想、工程原理及重大发明的源泉。受自然界中（如植物蒸腾作用、仙人掌针刺、滨鸟喙等）定向输运特性的启发，结合我们在仿生超浸润材料等方面的工作基础，本项目开展“仿生无损失液体输运智能表面的构筑与功能研究”通过揭示部分生物材料表面微纳米多尺度结构与宏观特殊浸润特性之间的本质关系，为超浸润材料的仿生构筑提供指导和理论依据。仿生构筑了系列超浸润材料，系统研究了湿度响应下的液滴定向输运，仿生构筑了超疏水“泵”器件，实现连续、自发的“反重力”水输运，开展了超浸润材料在液滴定向输运领域的应用探索。通过该项目的实施，项目负责人获 “教育部长江学者奖励计划青年学者”（2016年）、“北京市青年拔尖”（2016年）和“北京市科技新星”（2015年）等人才称号。已在Chem. Rev.（2篇），Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.，Adv. Mater.，Prog. Mater. Sci.，Adv. Funct. Mater.（5篇）等期刊发表SCI论文23篇（其中IF>10的10篇），被引用700余次，单篇最高引用164次，研究成果近10次被选作Adv. Funct. Mater.，Small，Nano Res.，Nanoscale等期刊封面/插页给予报到。申请/授权国家发明专利10项。