新疆柽柳传粉昆虫资源调查

Tamarisks (Tamarix spp.) are regarded as an important part of desert vegetation in Xinjiang, being distributed mainly in desert and semi-desert regions, widely utilized as windbreak, sand-fixation, fuelwood, and fodder. The distribution area of tamarisks is sharply reduced due to human activities and environmental deterioration in recent years. Thus it is necessary to protect tamarisks in the context of ecosystem. Insect pollinators are crucial in pollination of tamarisks. In this case, investigation of the insect pollinators of tamarisks is important to their protection, and utilization. Furthermore, it is beneficial to protect tamarisks, to speed their recovery process and to enhance their ecological effects on the fragile desert environment in Xinjiang. However, there are poor knowledge about pollinators of tamarisks in Xinjiang due to a relative lack of systematic investigation and background survey. This research program investigates the biodiversity and taxonomy of pollinators of tamarisks to assess the current situation of pollinator resources. We attempt to select the dominant insect pollinators by comparing their populations and pollen-carrying ability. Furthermore, we attempt to reveal the pollination behaviors, traits and habits of dominant pollinators through field behavioral investigation and observations, and to evaluate their ecological effects on pollination of tamarisks. This research program will lay a foundation for the protection and utilization for insect pollinators of tamarisks, and exert positive effects on conservation and sustainable utilization of local tamarisks. It also positive about the recovery of desert vegetation and ecosystem in Xinjiang.

柽柳（Tamarix spp.）是新疆荒漠植被的重要组成部分，广泛分布于干旱区荒漠、半荒漠地区，是当地重要的防风固沙植物，也是薪柴和饲料的主要来源。近年来，新疆柽柳分布区由于人类活动和环境恶化而明显缩小，迫切需要应用生态手段加以保护。柽柳主要依靠昆虫传粉，摸清柽柳传粉昆虫资源现状，对有效保护和利用柽柳传粉昆虫，保护新疆柽柳林，恢复并增强其生态与经济效应具有重要意义。然而迄今为止尚无针对新疆柽柳传粉昆虫资源的系统性研究与本底调查，严重制约了对新疆柽柳的保护与利用。本项目以物种多样性调查为基础，通过分类学研究摸清新疆柽柳传粉昆虫资源现状，通过比较种群数量和携粉能力，筛选新疆柽柳传粉昆虫优势种类，通过野外定点调查和观测揭示其生物学和传粉行为特征，探讨其在柽柳繁殖中的生态作用。本项目的开展将为柽柳传粉昆虫的保护和利用奠定基础，进而对推动新疆柽柳林的可持续利用和荒漠生态系统的保护起到积极作用。