应力作用下破碎岩体非Darcy渗流实验及采动突水渗流模型

Water-inrush in rock mass under mining includes three principal factors: Darcy flow in aquifers, non-Darcy flow in water inrush channels and the mining disturbances. To investigate the properties, a self-developed non-Darcy flow testing system which can dynamically control axial stress and confining pressures will be used to systematically study the non-Darcy flow in fractured rock mass. The aim is to establish a relationship of rock permeability, non-Darcy factor, porosity and stress under complex stress conditions, and discuss the mechanism of related parameters and the critical conditions of seepage mutation. Meanwhile, a hydraulic model for water inrush on the basis of mass conservation, pressure equilibrium principle and Forchheimer equation will be established. The corresponding numerical model, which is developed based on the coupling integral equations between the week form of the finite element method and finite volume method, will be studied. The corresponding model has a coupled relation of Darcy equation, Forchheimer equation, Navier-Stokes equation and parameters of stress and seepage. The numecial results will be experimentally verified. Finally, the complete flowing process in aquifer, fractured rock mass, and tunnels will be simulated under different stress conditions during mining process. The results will reveal the evolution laws of flow in fractured rock mass during mining and show criterions of water-inrush. The work will provide theoretical basis and a numerical method for water inrush prevention during the mining processes.

从矿山采动岩体渗流突水三要素（含水层水源的Darcy流、突水通道的非Darcy流和开采扰动作用）这一渗流特征出发，首先，利用自主研发的围压和轴压动态控制的非Darcy渗流实验系统，进行破碎岩体非Darcy渗流研究，建立复杂应力路径下破碎岩体渗透率、非Darcy因子、孔隙率与应力的关系方程，探索不同加卸载条件下非Darcy渗流参数相互作用机理及渗流突变临界条件。同时，建立耦合Darcy方程、Forchheimer方程、Navier-Stokes方程和应力与渗流参数关系方程的采动突水渗流模型，提出有限元弱形式和有限体积法结合的数值计算方法，并与渗流实验结果对比验证。最后，依托工程实例，模拟反演采动应力动态条件下含水层、采动破碎岩体和巷道整个水流路径中突水瞬态流动全过程，揭示采动条件下应力迁移过程破碎岩体渗流演化规律并提出渗流突水失稳判据，为采矿推进过程预测和防治突水灾害提供理论依据和计算方法。

从矿山采动岩体渗流突水三要素（含水层水源的Darcy流、突水通道的非Darcy流和开采扰动作用）这一渗流特征出发，自主研发了一维水沙高速渗流试验系统与平面水力输沙试验系统，并开展了不同条件下破碎岩体，以及考虑颗粒流失充填裂隙网络的渗流试验，进而建立了复杂应力路径条件下破碎岩体渗透率、非Darcy因子、孔隙率与应力之间的关系方程。同时，基于流体质量守恒、压力平衡原理和Forchheimer方程，建立了突水流体非线性渗流模型，并借助有限元弱形式和有限体积法耦合积分方程的FELAC流体力学分析工具实现了耦合数值计算，与实验结果较为符合。依托中关铁矿、姜家湾煤矿、基安达煤矿等实际突水案例，对不同条件下水流路径中突水瞬态流动的全过程进行了模拟计算，揭示了采动条件下应力迁移过程破碎岩体渗流演化规律，并提出了渗流突水失稳判据。研究成果共发表学术论文42篇，其中SCI收录20篇，EI收录17篇；授权相关专利7项，其中发明专利4项。补充研究成果在研山铁矿、中关铁矿、小纪汗煤矿等矿山突水分析及防治工程实践中得到应用，获科研成果特等奖、一等奖、二等奖各1项，可为矿山开采过程中突水灾害的预测与防治提供理论依据和计算方法。