城市地下结构地震灾害风险评估与减震控制

The development and utilization of urban underground space is one of important measure to achieve the target of urban sustainable development. Taking the subway as the representative, China currently has the largest scale of underground structure construction all over the world. However, more than half of large and medium-sized cities in China are located in seismically active regions and urban underground structures face serious safety threats from potential seismic hazards. The probabilities of urban underground structures suffering from seismic damage caused by intensive earthquake ground motions also increase with the rapid increase of the number of underground structures year by year. Significant damage to underground structures documented in the recent large earthquakes changes the traditional recognition that underground structures are earthquake-proof. However, current study on the seismic performance of underground structures are not sufficiently systematic or thorough. The proposed research selects underground structures as the engineering target. It primarily focuses on the seismic hazard assessment and control of underground structures based on case studies of seismic damage to typical underground structures, physical experimental studies, and three-dimensional nonlinear numerical simulations. In order to provide theoretical and technical supports to the seismic design of urban underground structures, the objectives of this proposed research include following aspects. (1) Establish the theory and methodology of seismic hazard assessment of underground structures. (2) Reveal the seismic damage mechanisms and failure modes of underground structures. (3) Develop the seismic performance indices and performance levels for underground structures. (4) Perform the analyses of seismic fragility and hazard of underground structures. (5) Develop the aseismic techniques and seismic-hazard control measures for underground structures.

城市地下空间开发利用是实现城市可持续发展的主要途径，我国以地铁为代表的城市地下工程建设规模已位居世界首位，我国半数以上的大中城市位于强震区，城市地下结构抗震安全问题突出。随着地下结构数量逐年增加，遭受强震破坏的概率增大，近年来几次大地震中地下结构严重破坏的震害实例改变了地下结构抗震安全的传统认识，但目前地下结构地震风险评估与减震控制研究尚不够系统和深入。本项目以城市地下结构为工程对象，利用典型地下结构震害案例分析、物理模型试验、三维非线性数值模拟等手段，开展城市地下结构地震灾害风险评估和减震控制研究。建立城市地下结构地震灾害风险评估理论与方法，揭示城市地下结构地震破坏机理和失效模式，提出城市地下结构抗震性能指标和性能水准，开展城市地下结构地震易损性和地震灾害风险分析，提出城市地下结构减震和地震灾害风险控制措施，为保证我国城市地下工程结构抗震安全提供理论和技术支撑。

城市地下空间开发利用是实现城市可持续发展的主要途径，我国以地铁为代表的城市地下工程建设规模已位居世界首位，我国半数以上的大中城市位于强震区，城市地下结构抗震安全问题突出。随着地下结构数量逐年增加，遭受强震破坏的概率增大，近年来几次大地震中地下结构严重破坏的震害实例改变了地下结构抗震安全的传统认识，但目前地下结构地震风险评估与减震控制研究尚不够系统和深入。本项目以城市地铁车站结构为工程对象，利用典型地下结构震害案例分析、物理模型试验、非线性数值模拟等手段，开展城市地下结构地震灾害风险评估和减震控制研究。基于本项目研究成果，建立了城市地下结构地震灾害风险评估理论与方法，揭示了城市地下结构地震破坏机理和失效模式，提出了城市地下结构抗震性能指标和性能水准，完善了城市地下结构地震易损性和地震灾害风险分析方法，提出了一系列城市地下结构减震和地震灾害风险控制措施，为保证我国城市地下工程结构抗震安全提供理论和技术支撑。