结构均匀的超高交联聚苯乙烯的构筑及其孔调控机制研究

Hypercrosslinked polystyrene possesses unique structure and excellent property and hence is recognized as one of the novel efficient adsorption and separation materials. However, the present hypercrosslinked polystyrene has some problems with heterogenous structure, bad kinetcs and severe tailing in desorption, which limit its field application. To solve these problems, in this project, we hope to synthesize a kind of novel hypercrosslinked polystyrene with homogeneous structure and study its pore regulation mechanism. Specifically, (1) By employing the diene monomers with close reactivity ratio to styrene, we will construct the novel hypercrosslinked polystyrene with homogeneous structure by introduction of the rigid post-crosslinking reagents via the Friedel-Crafts reaction based on the styrene-diene copolymers; (2) we will explore the structure-function relationship between the pore structure, chemical structure, cross-linking bond structure of the hypercrosslinked polystyrene and the swelling property, adsorption property, so that make the controlled synthesis of the hypercrosslinked polystyrene realized; (3) we will investigate the thermodynamic and kinetic process in the adsorption, illustrate the adsorption mechanism on the molecular level, and obtain the thermodynamic parameters and kinetic models, and apply this kind of novel hypercrosslinked polystyrene in the fields of treatment of chemical wastewater and purification of natural products. In conclusion, this project will provide a new idea for the adsorption and separation materials based on the hyper-cross-linked polystyrene.

超高交联聚苯乙烯是一类结构独特、性能优良的新型吸附分离材料。针对现有超高交联聚苯乙烯结构不均匀、动力学性能差、脱附拖尾严重等问题，本项目拟合成一类结构均匀的超高交联聚苯乙烯，并研究其孔调控机制。具体地，（1）将与苯乙烯竞聚率相近的双烯与苯乙烯共聚，并通过Friedel-Crafts反应引入刚性交联剂，设计合成一类结构均匀的超高交联聚苯乙烯；（2）探究其化学结构、孔结构、交联键结构与溶胀性能、吸附性能之间的构效关系以及合成条件对结构与性能的影响，明确刚性交联剂的分子结构对其孔结构的调控机制，建立合成结构均匀、孔结构可控的超高交联聚苯乙烯的方法；（3）研究其对水中有机小分子的吸附-脱附过程的热力学和动力学特性，从分子层次探究吸附机制，得出热力学参数并建立动力学模型，用于有机化工废水的治理与资源化以及天然产物的分离纯化等领域，为基于超高交联聚苯乙烯的新型吸附分离功能材料的研究提供新思路。

本项目通过合成与苯乙烯竞聚率相近的双烯，进一步将其与苯乙烯进行悬浮聚合，并通过在外加交联剂的条件下进行Friedel-Crafts反应，在聚合物骨架引入刚性交联剂，合成一类结构均匀的超高交联聚苯乙烯；探究聚合物的化学结构、孔结构、交联键结构与溶胀性能、吸附性能之间的构效关系以及合成条件对结构与性能的影响，明确双烯分子的结构对聚合物骨架结构的影响，阐明刚性交联剂的分子结构对孔结构的调控机制，建立合成结构均匀、孔结构可控的超高交联聚苯乙烯的方法；进一步研究其对水中有机小分子的吸附-脱附过程的热力学和动力学特性，从分子层次探究吸附机制，得出热力学参数并建立动力学模型，用于有机化工废水的治理与资源化以及天然产物的分离纯化等领域。