基于鬼成像原理的一种新型夜视成像系统的理论与实验研究

Recent years, the applied research has become the focus of the ghost imaging. Compared with the conventional optical imaging, the ghost imaging has several advantages, such as high ability of anti-interference, super resolution. The conventional night vision imaging techniques have many problems, such as poor image quality, expensive and other disadvantages. In previous, we studied the color formation principle of ghost imaging and the theory of color ghost imaging, and found that ghost imaging can realize night vision. This project explores the application of ghost imaging in night vision based on our previous works. We propose and research a new night vision system based on our previous works, and we named night vision ghost imaging (NVGI). The photoelectric conversion process of the conventional night vision imaging is replaced by the intensity correlation in the NVGI. Thus, the high quality night vision image which is comparable to the conventional optical imaging can be obtained by the NVGI technique. The NVGI can effectively solve many problems of conventional night vision imaging. This study will investigate several key issues of the NVGI, for instance, the theoretical and experimental scheme, the influence of various complex environment factors on the NVGI. In addition, we will optimize the NVGI according to the advantages of ghost imaging. Then, improving the imaging quality of NVGI is another work for us. We hope that this work will provide theoretical and experimental basis for the application of NVGI.

近年来，对鬼成像的应用研究已经成为鬼成像研究的热点。与常规光学成像相比，鬼成像具有抗干扰能力强，超分辨率等优点。常规的夜视成像技术普遍存在成像质量差，价格昂贵等缺点。前期我们对鬼成像的颜色形成原理与彩色鬼成像理论进行了研究，发现鬼成像原理能够实现夜视成像功能。本项目基于以前的工作探讨鬼成像在夜视成像方向的应用，提出并研究一种全新的夜视成像技术—夜视鬼成像。该方案使用光场的强度关联取代常规夜视成像中的光电转换环节，从而具有获得媲美经典光学成像质量的夜视图像的能力等诸多优点，能够有效地解决常规夜视成像存在的诸多不足。本项目将从理论和实验上研究夜视鬼成像的方案，并结合鬼成像的优点进一步优化夜视鬼成像技术，探究提高夜视鬼成像图像质量的方法和途径，研究多种复杂环境因素对夜视鬼成像的影响等关键问题，为夜视鬼成像的应用提供理论和实验依据。

夜视成像在军事侦察、安防监控等方面具有重要的应用价值。传统的夜视成像技术存在一些短时间内无法克服的困难，例如红外焦平面阵列的性能较差，复杂光学环境中成像质量差等，所以探讨新机制的夜视成像具有重要的理论和应用价值。在此背景下，我们基于鬼成像原理探索一种新型夜视成像技术。主要研究了以下内容（i）研究了鬼成像的颜色形成问题，揭示了鬼成像的颜色形成机理，进一步揭示了强度关联把红外光获得的信号用可见光表达的物理机制，这为新型夜视成像奠定了理论基础。（ii）研究了大气湍流对新型夜视成像的影响，发现在强大气湍流情况下使用红外光照射物体会得到更高分辨率的图像。（iii）基于鬼成像原理提出了若干夜视成像方案，尤其是无红外焦平面阵列的彩色夜视成像方法在一些性能上优于目前的夜视成像技术。（iv）讨论使用图像处理手段提高成像速度，结果显示基于新算法可以在30帧左右获得可分辨的目标图像。（v）发现新型夜视成像能够实现真彩色夜视成像，并且比传统的彩色夜视成像色彩更加丰富，人眼观察起来更加舒服。