卫星遥感结合地面观测确定珠穆朗玛峰地区复杂地表区域热通量

The high altitude over Mt.Qomolangma(Mt.Everest) area led to the region closest to the free troposphere and making the region is an exchange ideal area of the mass and energy for the ground atmosphere and the free atmosphere. Mt.Qomolangma's complex terrain and strong solar radiation make the climate, atmospheric circulation systems, and environmental characteristics over this area being very special. It is an ideal laboratory for the study of energy exchange between atmopshere and heterogenous landscape over there. The distribution of regional land surface variables (surface albedo and surface temperature), vegetation variables (NDVI, vegetation coverage and Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index-MSAVI),land surface heat fluxes (net radiation heat flux, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux) and surface heating field and their seasonal and annual variations over heterogeneous landscape of the Mt.Qomolangma area will be determinated by using the satellite data( MODIS, Landsat-TM and ASTER) and in-situ data.The goal of undersatanding the essence of energy exchange between heterogenous landscape and atmosphere over the Mt.Qomolangma area can be achieved through this process. Therefore it can be done some contributions to the study of weather and climatic change over Himalayan region even the whole Tibetan Plateau.

喜马拉雅山的珠穆朗玛峰地区有着多样而独特的自然条件和复杂多样的下垫面、脆弱而敏感的生态环境。特别是该地区的高海拔导致其与自由对流层大气最为接近，使得其成为研究复杂地表与大气间能量交换的理想区域。本项目将利用不同分辨率的卫星遥感资料（主要是MODIS资料、Landsat-5 TM 资料和ASTER 资料）和珠峰地区台站观测资料，采用综合分析和参数化相结合的方法，推算得到珠峰地区区域上地表特征参数（地表反射率与地表温度）、植被参数（NDVI、植被覆盖度和修正的土壤调整植被指数MSAVI 等）、地表能量通量（净辐射通量、土壤热通量、感热通量及潜热通量）及地面加热场的区域分布图像及季节变化和年际变化特征，以期达到初步揭示地表状况十分复杂的珠峰地区地气间能量交换的实质的目的，进而对研究整个喜马拉雅山区和青藏高原的天气和气候变化有所贡献。

喜马拉雅山的珠穆朗玛峰地区有着多样而独特的自然条件和复杂多样的下垫面、脆弱而敏感的生态环境。特别是该地区的高海拔导致其与自由对流层大气最为接近，使得其成为研究复杂地表与大气间能量交换的理想区域。本项目在珠峰地区开展了连续四年的地气相互作用综合观测，建成了珠峰地区多圈层相互作用综合资料数据库；提出了卫星遥感结合地表观测估算复杂山地地区区域能量通量的方法，并利用不同分辨率的卫星遥感资料（主要是MODIS资料、Landsat-5 TM资料和ASTER 资料）和珠峰地区台站观测资料，采用综合分析和参数化相结合的方法，推算得到珠峰南北坡地区区域上地表特征参数（地表反射率与地表温度）、植被参数（NDVI、植被覆盖度和修正的土壤调整植被指数MSAVI 等）、地表能量通量（净辐射通量、土壤热通量、感热通量及潜热通量）及地面加热场的区域分布图像及季节变化和年际变化特征。初步揭示了地表状况十分复杂的珠峰地区地气间能量交换的实质，进而对研究整个喜马拉雅山区和青藏高原的天气和气候变化有一定的贡献。