复杂环境下UWB信道检测与室内定位关键算法研究

In the NLOS channel, the UWB signal multipath delay spreads seriously and the multipath energy is scattered, which leads to the problem of waveform variation and inter symbol interference. It is very difficult for the receiver to collect the energy of the signal, especially for some complex environments such as indoor positioning. It needs to design a positioning algorithm that can simultaneously meet the channel NLOS state identification and reduce the system time synchronization requirements. In order to solve the above problems, this project focuses on the design of pulse waveform and indoor positioning algorithm of UWB signal. Aiming at the waveform variation and inter symbol interference of UWB pulse in channel transmission, the appropriate basis function is analyzed and chosen, and the pulse waveform with strong anti-interference ability is designed in the complex environment. Then the flexibility of the pulse design and improving the spectrum utilization rate are considered. Further more, for serious NLOS channels such as indoor environment, it will be considered to explore the UWB multipath channel of time domain and frequency domain dispersion characteristics on the basis of focusing research on channel model of IEEE802.15.4a, it will put forward a kind of applicable to real-time positioning terminal channel state identification method, and design a algorithm t with high positioning precision for NLOS environmen that is based on non coherent detection of energy sampling sequence with a dynamic setting TH. The research will provide theoretical basis and technical support to solve the application problems in high precision UWB positioning for complicated environment.

在NLOS信道中，UWB信号多径时延扩展严重，且多径能量分散，易发生形变和脉冲串扰的问题，接收机能量收集变得十分困难，尤其针对室内定位等复杂环境，需要设计能够同时满足信道NLOS状态鉴别和降低系统时间同步要求的定位算法。本课题针对上述问题，重点研究UWB信号的脉冲波形和室内定位算法设计：针对UWB脉冲在信道传输过程中的变形和串扰问题，利用修正Hermit多项式分析选用合适的基函数，兼顾脉冲设计灵活性与提高频谱利用率，设计在复杂环境下具有较强抗干扰能力的脉冲波形；针对室内等NLOS严重的信道，在重点研究IEEE802.15.4a信道模型基础上，探究UWB信道的时域多径和频域弥散特性，提出适用于实时定位终端的信道状态鉴别方法，基于非相干检测能量采样序列的动态设置TH方法，设计在NLOS环境下的修正CHAN算法，为解决UWB在复杂环境下的高精度定位应用提供核心理论基础和重要技术支撑。

在NLOS信道中，UWB信号多径时延扩展严重，且多径能量分散，易发生形变和脉冲串扰的问题，接收机能量收集变得十分困难，尤其针对室内定位等复杂环境，需要设计能够同时满足信道NLOS状态鉴别和降低系统时间同步要求的定位算法。本课题针对上述问题，重点研究UWB信号的脉冲波形和室内定位算法设计：针对UWB脉冲在信道传输过程中的变形和串扰问题，利用修正Hermit多项式分析选用合适的基函数，兼顾脉冲设计灵活性与提高频谱利用率，设计在复杂环境下具有较强抗干扰能力的脉冲波形；针对室内等NLOS严重的信道，在重点研究IEEE802.15.4a信道模型基础上，探究UWB信道的时域多径和频域弥散特性，提出适用于实时定位终端的信道状态鉴别方法，基于非相干检测能量采样序列的动态设置TH方法，设计在NLOS环境下的修正CHAN算法，为解决UWB在复杂环境下的高精度定位应用提供核心理论基础和重要技术支撑。