微波烧结α污染土壤的固核机理与稳定性研究

In-situ vitrification is considered as an ideal method to dispose the α contaminated soil, and one of the frontier and hot issue in the field of radioactive contaminated soil disposal. For the problem of time-consuming, high temperature and poor uniformity when traditional method was employed to vitrify the radioactive contaminated soil, the microwave sintering technology is employed to vitrify the α contaminated soil in this project. Under the condition of simulated environment geological library, the mechanics, thermal stability, chemical and radiation stability of glass waste forms would be evaluated via ray (heavy ion, α, β and γ) accelerate irradiation technology. More importantly, the occurrence status (competition mechanism, oxidation valence, charge compensation, etc) and solubility of the nuclide in the waste forms, and the immobilization mechanism would be investigated. The leaching behavior of the immobilized nuclides would be investigated, and the evolution of the phase and structure of waste forms under the action of irradiation would also be mastered. Furthermore, the nuclides immobilization mechanism of the glass waste forms under the action of microwave sintering would be clarified. .The research results will provide the important scientific basis and technical support for the choice of disposal method of α contaminated soil, the evaluation of security and stability, and the engineering application.

原位玻璃化技术（In-situ Vitrification）被认为是α污染土壤的理想处理方法，是目前放射性污染土壤处理领域研究的前沿和热点问题之一。针对传统方法在放射性污染土壤的玻璃化处理中存在耗时、高温及烧结体均一性差等不足，本项目利用微波烧结技术对α污染土壤的高效玻璃化方法进行探索性模拟研究；在模拟地质处置库环境下，借助射线（重离子、α、β和γ射线）加速辐照等技术，对玻璃固化体的力学、热学、化学及耐辐照等综合稳定性进行安全评价。重点研究微波烧结过程中，核素在固化体中的赋存状态（竞争机制、氧化价态、电荷补偿等）、固溶极限及固核机理；弄清固化体中核素的浸出行为，掌握射线辐照作用下固化体的物相及结构演变规律；阐明微波作用下玻璃固化体对核素的固化机理。 . 项目的研究成果，将为放射性污染土壤处理方法的选择、固化体的安全稳定性评价及工程化应用提供重要的科学性数据和技术支撑。

原位玻璃化技术（In-situ Vitrification）被认为是α污染土壤的理想处理方式，是目前放射性污染土壤处理领域研究的前沿和热点问题之一。传统的烧结方式存在耗时长、能耗高以及固化体均一性难以保证的不足，本项目利用微波烧结技术对α放射性污染土壤的高效玻璃化方法进行了探索性模拟研究；在模拟地质处置库环境下，借助射线加速辐照等技术，对制备的玻璃固化体的力学、热学、化学以及耐辐照等综合稳定性进行了安全评价。重点研究了微波烧结固化过程中，核素在固化体中的赋存状态、固溶极限以及固核机理；弄清了固化体中核素的浸出行为，掌握了辐照作用下固化体的物相及结构演变规律；阐明了微波作用下玻璃固化体对核素的固化机理。项目的研究成果将为放射性污染土壤处理方法的选择、固化体的安全稳定性评价以及工程化应用提供重要的科学依据和技术支撑。.在基金的支持下，本项目发表SCI收录论文14篇，申报国家发明专利5项，整理待出版专著1部。培养本科生、硕士研究生9名。