基于微泡扩增的污泥快速干化行为及机理研究

Based on the sludge characteristic of surfactant-rich, sludge micro-foam inflation (SMFI) is a process that can produce a large amount of micro-foam in sludge by promoting dissolution of surfactants and constructing skeleton combined with high-speed stirring or compressed-air. SMFI enlarges the surface area and changes water retention capacity of sludge, which can enhance the drying efficiency. And preliminary study indicated that 40 % of drying time could be saved when the moisture content of foamed sludge decreased from 80 % to 40 % and the drying performance improved significantly. This project will focus on the dewatered sludge of sewage water treatment plant and make a systematic study on SMFI by means of Chemistry, Pyrology, Statistics, and Image Analysis et al. The research content mainly includes key factors and optimization of SMFI, optimization of micro-foamed sludge drying process, relationship between drying efficiency and characteristic of micro-foamed sludge, mechanism of micro-foamed sludge drying. Finally, it will be built a cost-efficient technology of sludge depth dewatering, which provides a new approach for sludge treatment and disposal in practical and theoretical.

污泥微泡扩增是基于污泥中表面活性物质丰富的特点，通过适当的溶出处理、骨架构建结合高速搅拌或压缩空气使污泥内部形成大量微泡的过程。前期探索性研究表明：微泡扩增能显著增大污泥表面积，改变污泥持水特征，大幅提升污泥干化速率，微泡污泥于常温30℃干化条件,含水率由80%降至40%，微泡污泥较原泥能节省约40%的干化时间。本项目将针对污水处理厂的脱水污泥，以污泥微泡扩增快速干化为基本思路，综合运用化学、热工学、统计学、图像分析等手段，系统研究污泥微泡扩增及干化过程。在确立污泥微泡扩增关键因素的基础上对扩增条件、干化条件进行优化、明确干化速率与微泡污泥性质的关系，并对微泡污泥快速干化机理进行深入研究。最终形成一套经济高效的污泥深度脱水方法及理论体系，以期在污泥的处理处置领域开辟全新的污泥干化研究思路并提供切实可行的解决方案及理论支撑。

提升污泥脱水性能、降低污泥含水率是污泥减量化最直接的手段，是减少后继处理难度、节省最终处置成本的有效途径，对于实现污泥的“减量化、稳定化、无害化、资源化”具有重要意义。污泥微泡扩增是基于污泥中表面活性物质丰富的特点，通过适当的溶出处理、骨架构建结合高速搅拌或压缩空气使污泥内部形成大量微泡的过程。本项目以污泥微泡扩增快速干化为基本思路，探索了CaO、CaO+NaOH及CaO+返混干污泥为调理剂的3套污泥微泡扩增方案，运用多种研究方法在微泡扩增关键因素和最优条件、微泡污泥干化工艺和机制等方面开展系统研究。在不同的微泡扩增快速干化条件下可节省41-60%的干化时间，整体表现出了优异的干燥性能。相关研究成果在污泥的处理处置领域开辟了全新的研究思路，为污泥的处理处置提供了一种可行的解决方案及理论支撑。