提高风电消纳能力的“风电-可控负荷-储能-扩展区域电网”多时空多元互补增效机制与多元互动运行规律研究

For the low local accommodation capacity of regional power grid issues, the “wind-load-storage-grid” multiple time-space scale multiple complementary synergistic mechanisms and multiple energy interaction operation rules were studied. The “wind-load” relevancy dynamic model was established based on difference between wind power output and load change. The controlled amount algorism of cold/hot controllable load was researched, that was advance/delay controlled to shift peak-valley having function of indirect energy storage. The compensation quantity optimization method of storage power station was proposed, that was charge/ discharge adjusted shifting peak load. The evaluation method of wind power output or load change self-smooth and “wind-load” complementation with indirect energy storage in multi-region clustering grid was studied. An objective function of minimal wind curtailment was established by the sensitive factor that was based on the “wind-load” relevancy between regional power grid. The random field searching optimization algorithm was adapted to obtain dynamic optimization scheme of extending wind power balanced regional power grid. The “wind-load” relevancy dynamic model was revised considering “wind-load-storage-grid” complementary amounts and time response characteristics. The “wind-load” relevancy target area was obtained taking into account economy and safety. The “wind-load-storage-grid” multi-space hierarchical coordination multiple energy complementary synergistic mechanism and multi-time piecemeal detail multiple energy interactive operation rule were revealed. The multiple energy complementary match scheme and the coordination and interaction combined pattern about real-time dynamic rolling of winter and summer shifting were presented to enhance the local accommodation capacity of wind power.

针对区域电网风电就地消纳能力差的问题，从“风-荷-储-网”多时空尺度多元能量互补增效机制与互动运行规律角度研究：以风电出力与负荷变化差异性构建“风-荷”跟随相关特性动态模型；研究冷/热可控负荷提前/延迟错峰移谷调控间接“储能”的可控量计算方法、储能电站充电/放电削峰填谷调控直接“储能”的补偿量优化方法、多区域电网群风电出力或负荷变化自平滑和“风-荷”互补间接“储能”的互补量评估方法；以区域电网间“风-荷”相关度为敏感因子建立弃风量最小目标函数，采用随机邻域搜索优化算法获得扩展风电平衡区域电网的动态划分方案；计及“风-荷-储-网”互补量和时间响应特性修正“风-荷”相关特性动态模型，兼顾经济性和安全性获得“风-荷”相关度目标域；揭示“风-荷-储-网”多元能量多空间分层协调互补增效机制及多时间逐级细化互动运行规律，提出互补匹配方案及冬夏切换实时动态滚动联合协调互动组合模式，提高风电就地消纳能力。

本项目针对区域电网风电就地消纳能力差的问题，从“风-荷-储-网”多时空尺度多元能量互补增效机制与互动运行规律角度研究。建立区域电网“风-荷”相关特性模型，提出分段分区加权中位值法辨识并提取风电出力波动概率区间带，分析“风-荷”耦合特性；建立区域电网的自平衡度指标与各区域电网间的互平衡度指标，提出基于平衡度指标的区域电网动态划分方法；建立空调负荷、电采暖负荷等冷/热可控负荷参与系统调控的相关模型，提出可控负荷参与系统调控的控制策略；提出基于变系数指数平滑算法的混合储能平抑风电波动控制策略，引入修正系数计算混合储能功率最优分配值；建立了直驱永磁风力发电机参数辨识模型，提出了改进SVD-Prony 算法和基于平均最优位置的自适应空间搜索向量改进粒子群算法；提出计及风电机组机端电压平衡控制的无功优化方法；利用储能灵活的充放电特性补充常规机组调峰能力不足，提出了AGC机组、NON-AGC机组与储能系统间的协调控制策略；提出基于“风-荷”耦合特性扩展区域电网达到“源-网-荷”多空间协调互补增效目的；提出基于“源-荷”多能协调的模型预测分层控制策略，研究“源-荷”多时间尺度逐级细化协调控制策略，提高风电就地消纳能力。