仿细胞结构水滑石材料的合成及其对肽类激素的萃取性能研究

The abuse of peptide hormones (PHs) has gain a lot of attentions in various fields, such as medicine, food and sports industries. Most of PHs exist in complex biological samples, therefore, sample preparation process becomes a great challenge in the analysis of PHs. The aim of this project is looking for new sorbents to determinate PHs by highly selective and highly enriched extraction methods. In this work, a cell-like structured layered double hydroxide (CLS-LDH) will be synthesized. The main body is Fe3O4@LDH microsphere coated with antibodies of PHs; meanwhile, a lipid bilayer inserted by carbon nanotubes coats on the Fe3O4@LDH as an outer shell. Dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) will be applied as the extraction method, and the extraction ability, selectivity and mechanism of CLS-LDH towards PHs will be studied. Finally, real samples will be conducted with to evaluate the applicability of the sorbent and the method. The high selectivity towards PHs is obtained by specificity of antibody, selective transport by carbon nanotube and barrier effect of lipid bilayer; the high enrichment factor towards PHs is reached by the DSPE coupled with magnetic separation steps. The project will provide a new design thinking to the synthesis of CLS-sorbents and sample preparation methods for the biological samples containing PHs.

肽类激素的滥用在医药、食品、体育等多个领域都受到了极大的关注，而由于肽类激素往往存在于复杂的生物样品中，这对在检测此类物质过程中的样品前处理方法提出了很高的要求。本项目的主要目标是寻找新型的萃取材料和方法，以适用于对含肽类激素样品所需的高选择性、高富集度的前处理过程。在本项目中，我们以负载有肽类激素抗体的水滑石磁性核壳材料为主体，构建由嵌有碳纳米管的磷脂双分子膜包覆的仿细胞结构的新型萃取材料；通过结合分散性固相萃取研究该类材料对肽类激素的萃取性能、选择性和机理；最终应用到实际样品的检测中以评估其实用性能。仿细胞结构的水滑石材料将通过抗体的特异性、碳纳米管的选择运输能力、磷脂分子层的阻隔作用实现对肽类激素的高选择性。同时，将以分散性固相萃取结合多步磁性分离来实现对肽类激素的高富集度。本项目的研究将为仿细胞结构的固相萃取材料的合成及含肽类激素的生物样品前处理方法学提供新的设计思路和理论依据。

在本项工作中，我们介绍了一系列围绕水滑石等萃取材料和微萃取技术开展的创新性工作。在材料的创新上，我们设计合成了仿细胞结构的三级水滑石材料、具有磁性和类过氧化物酶催化性能的双功能水滑石材料、对不同气体具有选择性金/银纳米材料等，在萃取过程中实现了选择性吸附，磁性分离，催化信号放大等效果；在萃取方法方面，我们开发了磁性三相单滴微萃取技术，并将多种纳米显色材料（银@金纳米三棱柱、金@银-托轮试剂复合材料等）与微萃取过程结合，实现了传统萃取分析信号的转换；在检测平台方面，我们结合了手机智能检测平台，通过利用其便携的光学系统实现了快速的可见光谱分析；在分析物的拓展应用方面，我们将多种萃取方法（磁性微萃取，单滴微萃取）应用到核酸分析领域，同时结合多种不同的核酸扩增方法（如杂交链式反应等）实现了信号的多重放大。该项工作的进行将推动在环境、生物、食品、药物等分析领域的样品前处理技术的发展。