集成化纳米摩擦传感器构建及其对生物小分子的自驱动、高灵敏、特异性检测

Small biological molecules are the important participants in the activities of life and it is very important to determine the level of small biological molecules timely and accurately for the construction of health. Among many detection techniques of small biological molecules, traditional electrochemical analysis have been paid extensive attention by scientists due to its high sensitivity and simple operation; but there exist some problems, such as poor selectivity, dependence of external power, late detection, and so on. The purpose of this proposal is to establish a new detection method of small biological molecules, which should be simple, innovative, specific and environment-friendly. With the aid of the newly developed triboelectric generator, we chose the suitable materials to build integrated triboelectric nanosensor (TENS), where the material should have more electronegative and good biocompatibility and need oriented modification further. Then, according to the change of the pulsed output signal of TENS, the small biological molecules can be quantified at real-time, and the dynamic relationship between sensor signals and the small biological molecules could be established. Implementation of this project will obtain the core technology with own intellectual property right about TENS in electrochemical analysis and build more practicable, self-powered inspection method for detecting small biological molecules.

生物小分子是生命活动的重要参与者，及时准确地测定生物小分子含量对生物体健康生长具有非常重要的意义。在众多检测方法中，电化学分析因其灵敏度高，成本低，操作简便等优点在生物小分子检测中发挥着重要作用，但仍存在选择性差，依赖外部电源，检测滞后等问题。本项目旨在建立简单、绿色、创新、基于纳米摩擦发电技术的生物小分子特异性检测方法。借助新近发展的纳米摩擦发电技术，选用既有较强电负性，又有生物相容性的纳米摩擦材料，构建集成化纳米摩擦传感器。利用传感器脉冲式输出信号变化，对生物小分子进行实时定量检测，并建立传感器信号和小分子物质含量之间的动态变化关系，以此来研究集成化纳米摩擦传感器如何实现对生物小分子的自驱动，高灵敏，特异性检测。通过本项目研究，力争在电化学应用方面获得具有自主知识产权的纳米摩擦发电核心技术，确立基于纳米摩擦发电技术的生物小分子分析检测方法，建立比较完善的自驱动、集成化电化学分析仪器。

生物小分子是生命活动的重要参与者，及时准确地测定生物小分子的含量是非常重要的。本项目在原有生物小分子检测方法的基础上，建立了基于纳米摩擦发电技术的生物小分子特异性检测方法。项目研究围绕纳米摩擦传感器的设计、优化及其对生物小分子的检测展开，首先构建了单片式纳米摩擦传感器，风车状纳米摩擦-电磁复合传感器以及柔性纳米摩擦传感器，并根据纳米摩擦传感器的特点，研究了其发电的基本性能。最后利用柔性纳米摩擦传感器，实现了对多巴胺等生物小分子的自驱动、高灵敏、高选择性检测，检测限低至0.26uM，并开发了仅利用传感器电压信号变化表征生物小分子浓度的检测方法。此传感器非常有利于生物小分子的检测，进一步拓宽了纳米摩擦发电机的使用范围。