用于真菌毒素快速检测的高特异性组合分子印迹仿生光子晶体传感技术研究

Mycotoxins are harmful to human in spite of a trace content, which poses a serious threat to public safety and national economic interests. So far available detective methods cannot meet the commands of fast determination on site as well. A combination of photonic crystals materials and combinatorial chemistry methodology will be utilized to form molecularly imprinted polymer libraries by means of distillation-precipitation polymerization technology with mycotoxins (3-nitropropionic acid, patulin) as targets. This research is to establish molecularly imprinted matrix, from which the most specific one is chosen. The biomimetic materials with large volume capacity, high selectivity and specificity will facilitate the stronger and more sensitive output signals of photonic crystals. Meanwhile, the mechanism can be well explained. The resulting multi-functionalized polymers are expected to be an effective visible means for fast detection of mycotoxins in complicated real samples. The project is concerned of combinatorial chemistry, polymer chemistry, materials chemistry, analytical chemistry and food safety test. The aim of the project is to sieve the bionic polymer with the most specificity and selectivity towards mycotoxins that can be a novel kind of novel visible photonic crystals materials which can fulfill the fast detection and on-site screening. The research content of this project will not only broaden the applications of molecularly imprinted technique and material science in food safety and inspection and quarantine, also will have an important theoretical research value and good practical application prospects.

真菌毒素毒性极大，微量即可对人体产生损伤，对公众安全及国家经济利益构成严重的威胁。目前的检测方法还不能满足现场快速检测的需求。本项目以真菌毒素（3-硝基丙酸、展青毒素）为靶标，拟将可视化的光子晶体材料与组合化学合成法相结合，采用蒸馏沉淀聚合技术，构建几种真菌毒素的分子印迹聚合物库，探索组合化学方法构建分子印迹阵列，进行更高特异性分子印迹聚合物的筛选，制备高结合容量、高选择、特异性的表面分子印迹仿生光子晶体材料，阐明其光学信号调控机制，获得更强、更灵敏的光学信号输出，实现对食品中的真菌毒素的现场快速可视化检测。本课题是涉及组合化学、高分子化学、材料科学、分析化学、食品安全检测的交叉性课题。本项研究利用组合分子印迹技术筛选获得更高效高特异性仿生材料，开展食品安全快速检测、现场筛查的可视化材料的合成，拓宽了材料学在食品安全、检验检疫中的应用，具有重要的理论价值及广阔的应用前景。

本项目分别引入光子晶体材料以及分子印迹技术构建光学传感系统，建立了对目标分析物，如真菌毒素等的快速检测。使用不同的合成方法，制备了反蛋白石光子晶体以及有机/无机共组装光子晶体，均具有很好光学响应性能。采用组合分子印迹合成法制备了黄曲霉毒素B1的印迹识别材料，具有一定的响应结果；使用化学修饰法将待测物适配体固定到载体表面，实现了对黄曲霉毒素B1的检测。为发挥光子晶体材料的快速检测的优势，设计合成了一种纳米金掺杂的表面分子印迹三维光子晶体传感材料，该复合物以金作为信号放大材料，实现了对目标物分子的快速检测，增大了识别响应信号及选择性。经过实际样品加标回收实验，证明所建立的传感检测技术具有灵敏、快速、特异的优点，为环境与食品中毒素及其他污染物检测平台的建立奠定了基础，具有广阔的应用前景。