凝胶网络构架改善全瓷牙冠基底饰面瓷结合与三维精度研究

The traditional porcelain fused to mental (PFM) crowns have been challenged by the esthetic all-ceramic crown material over the past decades, and the increasing demands for high esthetics coupled with biocompatibility and strength has resulted in an evolution in all-ceramic restorations. But all-ceramic crowns are qualitative fragile and the three-D precision is not easy to control when been preparated. So those are the urgently problems which should be solved. This proposal is based on the former study about ZTA (nano-zirconia toughed alumina) nano-composite powders, through the screening and optimization of the the main powders ZrO2、Al2O3 and microcrystalline glass, and the design of the nano-ceramic composite material structure and functional. The Gel-casting and Glass-infiltration technique are applied as the main technique to make the superior mechanical property ceramic cores. The ZrO2、Al2O3 powders are used to build a muti-stage gel network architecture body by gel-casting technique, then special biological glass-ceramic is infiltrated into the dody to form the nano-matrix and microcrystalline film each other lock knot composite structure, through this way to get high-performance and high mechanical properties all-ceramic crowns..As to evaluate the muti-stage gel network architecture and nano-composite structure, besides the conventional mechanical properties testing, the application of the TEM, SEM, AFM, XRD, small-angle X-ray scattering , specific surface area method, mercury pressure techniques are used to study the characterization of its physical and chemical properties. This study not only proposes the innovation thought of nano ceramic structure and technology design; At the same time will discuss the skill to achieve improvements of physical and chemical mechanism of the all ceramic materials , this will provide the basis theory for production of high-performance all-ceramic crown restorations.

全瓷材料已广泛用于牙列、牙体缺损固定修复，但全瓷牙冠质脆、美观逼真度不够满意及制备中三维精度变化等亟待解决。本项目在前期对牙科纳米ZrO2增韧Al2O3纳米复合粉体研究基础上，对全瓷牙用主粉体ZrO2、Al2O3、添加相微晶玻璃再筛选，并优化纳米复合陶瓷材料结构和功能。采用凝胶注模和生物微晶玻璃渗透技术,以刚性的ZrO2、Al2O3粉体构筑多级凝胶网络构架模板，再渗透特种生物微晶玻璃，形成基体与微晶玻璃薄膜互相锁结的纳米复合结构，改善基底饰面瓷结合并提高制作精度。对多级凝胶网络构架及纳米复合结构评价，除测试常规力学性能，用TEM、SEM、AFM、XRD、X射线小角散射、比表面积法、汞压法等表征理化性能。本研究不仅提出纳米复合陶瓷结构与工艺技术设计方面创新思想，有望形成高性能全瓷牙冠修复材料制备新方法；同时还将对实现性能改善的物理、化学机制进行探讨，为高性能全瓷牙冠修复体制造提供理论依据。

陶瓷在口腔修复领域中的应用日渐广泛，全瓷材料已广泛用于牙列、牙体缺损固定修复，尤其是氧化铝、氧化锆等陶瓷材料在牙科全瓷冠制作中的应用日趋普及。但全瓷牙冠质脆、美观逼真度不够满意及制备中三维精度变化仍然有待解决。如何解决牙科陶瓷材料的上述缺点是当前国内外学者关注的热点。本项目在前期对牙科纳米 ZrO2 增韧 Al2O3 纳米复合粉体研究基础上，对全瓷牙用主粉体 ZrO2、 Al2O3、添加相微晶玻璃再筛选再优化，并近一步改善纳米复合陶瓷材料结构和功能。采用凝胶注模和生物微晶玻璃渗透技术, 以刚性的 ZrO2、Al2O3 粉体构筑多级凝胶网络构架模板，再渗透特种生物微晶玻璃，形成基体与微晶玻璃薄膜互相锁结的纳米复合结构，改善基底饰面瓷结合并提高制作精度。同时对多级凝胶网络构架及纳米复合结构评价，除测试常规力学性能，用 TEM、 SEM、 AFM、 XRD、 X 射线小角散射、比表面积法、汞压法等表征理化性能，以从多方面优化其结构与功能。本研究不断调整粉料组分的种类（主要包括增韧剂、分散剂、粘结剂及其他烧结助剂）及其配比，同时以全瓷材料凝胶网络构架及三维精度研究为中心，从基于光固化成型的牙科ZTA陶瓷浆料制备及其光固化特性的初步研究、凝胶注模成型ZTA陶瓷烧结温度对其可加工性能的影响研究、表面激光蚀刻处理对氧化锆陶瓷性能的影响研究分别展开，多方面多角度研究和改善纳米复合陶瓷结构和功能。通过研究，实现性能改善的物理、化学机制进行探讨，为高性能全瓷牙冠修复体制造提供理论依据。