多小区无线充电通信网络中的流式资源分配

In wireless powered communication networks, the required energy of nodes for uplink information transfer can be obtained through downlink wireless energy transfer. However, the doubly near-far phenomenon results in a contraction between the amounts of harvested energy and required energy, and the nonuniformly distributed users lead to a mismatch between the network service ability and the network load. Moreover, these two issues aggravate each other, which significantly limits the system performance. Therefore, based on the network flow theory, this project starts from the contradiction between the supply and the demand of resources, investigates the flow-based resource allocation in multi-cell wireless powered communication networks. We implement energy flow, information flow and load flow optimization to achieve user energy cooperation, user information cooperation and network load balancing, respectively. After a comprehensive analysis of the interrelation between the three kinds of network flows, we devise asynchronous and synchronous flow-based resource allocation protocols which can work stably and efficiently in practical networks. Finally, in the network, energy flows according to requirements; information can be routed optimally and load can be transferred flexibly. This project makes sure that the resource in the whole network is supplied according to demands and users’ energy is shared sufficiently, which guarantees the quality of service of all users in wireless powered communication networks. The achievements of this project will provide necessary theoretical and technical supports for energy-limited wireless communication systems.

无线充电通信网络通过下行无线能量传输为节点的上行信息传输提供便捷持续的能量支持。然而，双重远近效应导致小区内用户能量吸收量与需求量之间存在矛盾，非均匀用户分布引发网络空间服务能力与业务负荷分布之间不能匹配，并且小区内用户能量不对称与小区间网络负载不均衡两个问题之间相互加剧恶性循环，严重制约了网络整体性能。本项目以资源供需矛盾为出发点，以网络流优化理论为基础，研究多小区无线充电通信网络中的流式资源分配，通过能量流和信息流优化完成小区内用户能量协作与信息协作，通过负载流优化完成小区间网络负载均衡，在综合分析多种形式网络流相互作用的基础上，形成可在实际网络稳定高效运行的异步与同步流式资源分配协议，使得全网范围内能量按需流动、信息择优路由、负载灵活转移，实现全网资源按需供应、用户能量充分共享，全面保障无线充电通信网络中用户的服务质量。本项目研究为能量受限无线通信系统的实际应用提供理论和技术支撑。

本项目主要通过资源分配优化来解决多小区无线充电通信网络中的能量失配和负载失衡问题，以及无线能量传输过程中的能量耗散所引起的系统能量效率过低的问题。首先，针对小区内能量吸收量与需求量不匹配问题，本项目通过联合波束成型和时间资源优化，提高了系统的安全信息传输速率。其次，针对小区间用户负载分布不均衡问题，本项目通过联合用户关联和时间资源优化，提升了网络的总吞吐量。最后，针对无线充电通信网络中的能量效率过低问题，本项目分别在单天线系统和多天线系统场景下通过功率控制、波束成型和时间分配，提高了系统的整体能量效率。本项目研究成果可为多小区无线充电通信网络的具体应用提供一定的理论和技术支撑。