乌鲁木齐大气挥发性有机物与光化学污染潜在风险相关性研究

Abstract: 40 sample sites will be set based on the air distribution method according to the transportation and industrial layout of Urumqi and passive sampling method employed to monitor the Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylenes in the volatile organic coumpounds during the four seasons of the year 2017 and 2018. And also, these collected data in 2017 will be compared with those collected 2018. And GC-MS method wiil be applied to analyze the concentration of the pollutants under passive minitoring; Meanwhile, comprehensive sampling of ozone and PAN will be conducted. The statistics of the comprehensive monitoring data will consider the seasnonal changes, the climatic conditions, pollutant source changes and the prerequisites of photochemical reactions which will be under the full test (e.g. temperature, wind speed and direction, atomsphere stability and the temperature inversion, etc.), Besides, based on the information and the detailed recording from the 8 directions of the every sampling site that will be summed up, and the recording of the traffic flow from different directions, platform ArcGIS Desktop10.2 of volatile organic matter, ozone, PAN concentration distribution map and the change D-value of pollutant concentraion in 2017 and will be designed. In the end, based the above work, comprehensive assessment of the correlation between the potential risks of the volatile organic matter and chemical pollution will be carried out, thus providing references for the effecitve control of the air pollution in Urumqi and the establishment of the early warning system for photochemical pollution.

本课题根据乌鲁木齐交通、工业布局按大气布点方法在乌鲁木齐设40个采样点，通过被动采样法对2017年四个季度大气中挥发性有机物BTEX进行监测，2018年进行对比研究；并用GC-MS法对被动监测的污染物浓度进行分析；同时分别对臭氧和PAN进行全面采样，在全面监测数据统计基础上还充分考虑季节变化、气象条件、污染源变化、还充分测试光化学反应的先决条件（如：温度、风速、风向、大气稳定度、逆温等）的前提下进行组成、来源分析、时间、空间分布分析；另外在积累每个采样点8个方向信息记载、不同方向交通流量记载等基础上用ArcGIS Desktop10.2平台设计出乌鲁木齐挥发性有机物、臭氧、PAN浓度分布图,2017、2018年污染物浓度变化差值；最终在以上工作基础上全面评价乌鲁木齐挥发性有机物与光化学污染潜在风险相关性、为乌鲁木齐有效控制大气污染并且为大气光化学污染预警系统的建立提供重要数据和理论依据。

本项目根据项目研究目标及结合乌鲁木齐市近几年大气复合污染现状、以乌鲁木齐市及周边大气PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2、CO、O3、VOCs等多种气态污染物及细颗粒物为研究对象，在污染物实时监测及被动采样监测分析基础上，采用趋势分析、相关性分析、小波分析、层次分析、空间插值、连续小波变换（CWT）、小波相干（WTC）等多种计算及分析方法，探索乌鲁木齐及周边南山、昌吉等区域大气中不同污染物的时间序列变化特征和空间分布变化特征，探索不同污染物间相关性，主要对 O3与VOCs相关性以及VOCs组分间相关性、O3与PM2.5相关性进行分析，探究O3与VOCs之间的量化关系特征，分析气象因素对不同污染物的影响，揭示了乌鲁木齐近几年大气污染物在不同尺度的月变化、季节变化及年变化规律，以及借助GIS克里金插值法分析大气VOCs、PM2.5和O3空间分布特征，揭示了O3与VOCs之间的量化关系特征以及PM2.5和O3与气象因子的相关性、揭示了PM2.5和O3时间序列特征，对乌鲁木齐近几年大气污染现状进行了综合评价，为乌鲁木齐市大气污染治理提供科学依据及重要支撑。