基于参数反演的红外微弱目标检测方法研究

Airspace security is an important part of national defense security. The high-altitude aircraft is the main threat to airspace security. Considering that the high-altitude aircraft is characterized by the dim signal in the imaging plane of the detector, the detection of high-altitude aircraft is a difficult problem in the field of signal detection. The effective utilization of the energy distribution and target trajectory of the dim target is an important prerequisite for target detection. For the existing dim target detection technology, the distribution of target energy in the image plane and the dynamic relationship between target motion and energy distribution have not been fully considered. In addition, the maneuverability and sensitivity of the aircraft are being constantly improved, which makes the detection performance of the existing dim target detection methods inadequate. For this reason, the detection of infrared air dim target will be the background in this project, and we will focus on: the modeling of temporal and spatial distribution of dim target energy, the temporal and spatial energy accumulation method based on the target energy distribution and the motion model, the inversion of target parameters in infrared image sequence. The key scientific problems in the process of establishing the above methods are focused on: the distribution model of the dim target energy on the neighborhood pixels under the imaging environment, the establishment of the relationship between the spatial distribution of target energy and the sub-pixel motion of the target. Some innovative research results will be obtained, which lay a solid theoretical foundation and key technical reserves for the application of this method in the actual dim target detection system.

领空安全是国防安全的重要组成部分，高空飞行器是威胁领空安全的主要因素。因高空飞行器在探测器成像平面的信号微弱，故对高空飞行器的探测是信号检测领域的难题。对微弱目标信号能量分布、运动轨迹等信息有效利用，是目标检测的重要前提。现有微弱目标检测技术未充分考虑目标能量在像平面的分布规律、目标运动与能量分布之间的动态关系等因素，加之飞行器的机动性和灵敏度越来越高，使得现有微弱目标检测方法探测性能不足。为此，本基金将以对空红外微弱目标检测为背景，开展以下研究内容：微弱目标能量的时空分布建模；基于目标能量分布与运动模型的时空域能量累积；红外序列图像中的目标参数反演。重点解决在建立上述方法过程中存在的一些关键科学问题：成像环境中微弱目标能量在邻域像素的分布模型、目标能量空间分布与目标亚像素运动之间关系的建立。取得一些创新性研究成果，为该方法在实际微弱目标检测系统中的应用打下坚实的理论基础和关键技术储备。

领空安全是国防安全的重要组成部分，高空飞行器是威胁领空安全的主要因素。因高空飞行器在探测器成像平面的信号微弱，故对高空飞行器的探测是信号检测领域的难题。对微弱目标信号能量分布、运动轨迹等信息有效利用，是目标检测的重要前提。本课题充分考虑微弱目标能量在像平面的分布规律、目标运动与能量分布之间的动态关系等因素，研究红外微弱目标特征增强与杂波抑制方法，实现远距离微弱目标检测方法性能提升。课题以对空红外微弱目标检测为背景，取得的主要研究成果如下：建立了亚像素运动微弱目标能量的时空分布模型；提出了基于目标能量分布与运动模型的时空域能量补偿累积方法；设计了红外序列图像中的目标参数反演检测策略。并解决了在建立上述方法过程中存在的两个关键科学问题：成像环境中微弱目标能量在邻域像素的分布模型、目标能量空间分布与目标亚像素运动之间关系的建立。取得一些创新性理论研究成果，为红外弱小目标检测方法在实际检测系统中的应用打下坚实的理论基础和关键技术储备。