基于脊柱CT图像分节段自动分割的椎弓根个性化螺钉精准置入方法研究

Pedicle screw (PS) insertion technique is one of the important milestone of modern spine surgery. The premise of PS’ preoperative quantitative simulation is vertebral effective segmentation and personalized 3D reconstruction, which is a very challenging problem of the application of computer assisted surgical planning in the field of medical imaging, and has an important guiding significance to the clinical treatment of spinal pathology. Based on the above issues, this project aims to construct a joint algorithm platform combined segmental spinal automatic segmentation and personalized pedicle screw insertion scheme, which achieve the best insertion plan of pedicle screws. The main contents include: (1) research on automatic detection and accurate localization of vertebrae in spine CT; (2) research on segmented automatic segmentation of spine CT; (3) research on personalized 3D reconstruction and visualization of spine CT; (4) research on automatic preoperative planning and algorithm evaluation of pedicle screw insertion. Through theoretical analysis and simulation experiments, this project will give some effective quantitative evaluation, performance analysis and a series of conclusions, which could provide new ideas and theoretical basis for the strengthening of clinical treatment and precise treatment of spinal pathology.

椎弓根螺钉置入技术是现代脊柱外科的重要里程碑之一，其术前模拟量化的前提是脊柱椎骨组织的有效分离及个性化三维重建，也是计算机辅助手术规划技术在医学影像领域应用中一个极具挑战性的问题，对脊柱病理的临床救治有着重要的指导意义。基于此，本项目旨在构建一个集脊柱分节段自动分割及椎弓根个性化螺钉置入方案于一体的算法平台，实现椎弓根螺钉的最佳置入方案规划。主要研究内容包括：（1）脊柱CT图像的椎骨自动检测与精准定位方法研究；（2）脊柱CT图像的分节段自动分割方法研究；（3）脊柱CT图像的个性化三维重建及可视化方法研究；（4）椎弓根螺钉置入自动术前规划与算法评估体系研究。通过理论分析和仿真实验，本项目所给出的定量评价、性能分析以及系列结论，能为加强脊柱病理的临床救治和精准治疗提供新思路和理论依据。

椎弓根螺钉置入技术是现代脊柱外科的重要里程碑之一，也是计算机辅助手术规划技术在医学影像领域应用中一个极具挑战性的问题，对脊柱病理的临床救治具有重要的指导意义。基于此，本项目开展了人体脊柱CT图像分节段自动分割以及椎弓根个性化螺钉精准置入术前规划的研究工作，为脊柱病理的临床救治与个性化精准治疗提供新思路和理论依据。主要内容包括：（1）提出了面向脊柱 CT 的自动定位与分节段分割方法；（2）提出了基于级联神经网络的脊椎 CT 图像分割方法；（3）提出了改进移动立方体（Marching Cubes，MC）的三维重建方法；（4）提出了改进LEE法的椎弓根螺钉自动路径术前规划方法。通过理论分析和仿真实验，本项目所给出的定量评价、性能分析以及系列结论，能为加强脊柱病理的临床救治和精准治疗提供新思路和理论依据，具有广泛的应用前景。