两亲分子自组装的多重刺激响应性纳米结构

An important issue in the development of functional materials that self assemble is the introduction of stimuli-responsive functions into the nanostructures. Major efforts have been undertaken to design and synthesis multiple stimuli amphiphilic macromolecules in the past decades. A number of systems have been successfully developed so far. However, precisely switching on and off the stimuli responsive function is still a challenging task for chemists. The bottleneck in understanding the effects of the corresponding functional groups on the bulk property is the precise control in molecular size and the synergism among those groups. On the other hand, the precise control both in molecules and self-assembly behavior can be achieved in conventional surfactant systems. However, there are few reports on multiple stimuli responsive small molecular weight surfactants. One of the difficulties lies in the molecular design and synthesis of such materials. In this project, two series of novel chemicals, namely surfactants and hydrotropes which possess the heat, light, pH, and electric responsive groups will be designed and synthesized according to the self-assembly mechanisms of surfactant systems. The multiple stimuli responsive surfactant systems can be constructed by functional surfactant molecules and their complex. We expect that the combination of self-assembly principles and responsive properties will lead to a new class of responsive nanomaterials with many applications.

赋予自组装纳米结构的环境刺激响应性已经成为近十年来构建功能材料的一个研究热点，其核心内容就是设计和开发多重刺激响应性两亲大分子，其中准确调控材料的刺激响应功能是研究工作的难点。解决该问题的瓶颈在于深入理解各响应基团对于整体材料响应性能的影响、目标分子尺寸的精确控制以及这些刺激响应基团之间的协同效应。相对于聚合物型两亲分子，小分子表面活性剂的分子设计和自组装都能够得到精确控制，然而具备多重刺激响应性的小分子表面活性剂体系却鲜有研究,这主要是由于设计和合成该类分子要比聚合物难度更大。因此，本项目拟根据表面活性剂自组装机理，设计合成两大系列分子中同时具备pH、光、热、电、CO2的新型小分子表面活性剂和水溶助长剂，构建表面活性剂及其复合体的多重刺激响应性自组装纳米结构。这种在自组装原理和响应性质有机结合的基础上所开发的两亲分子，必将开创一类具备多种应用前景的响应性纳米材料。

赋予自组装纳米结构的环境刺激响应性已经成为近十年来构建功能材料的一个研究热点，其核心内容就是设计和开发多重刺激响应性两亲大分子，其中准确调控材料的刺激响应功能是研究工作的难点。解决该问题的瓶颈在于深入理解各响应基团对于整体材料响应性能的影响、目标分子尺寸的精确控制以及这些刺激响应基团之间的协同效应。相对于聚合物型两亲分子，小分子表面活性剂的分子设计和自组装都能够得到精确控制，然而具备多重刺激响应性的小分子表面活性剂体系却鲜有研究,这主要是由于设计和合成该类分子要比聚合物难度更大。因此，本项目根据表面活性剂自组装机理，设计合成了两大系列分子中同时具备pH、光、热、电、CO2的新型小分子表面活性剂和水溶助长剂，构建表面活性剂及其复合体的多重刺激响应性自组装纳米结构。系统研究了环境刺激响应因子对自组装结构之间的转变规律，并在高分辨性拉曼光谱、软膜板印刷等方面表现出来了潜在的应用性能，为开创一类具备多种应用前景的响应性纳米材料提供了系统可靠数据。