3D打印钛牙种植体穿龈处表面分段微结构设计及其生物学密封

The biological sealing for implant transgingival department is very important for long-term success rate of implant restoration. How to construct the soft tissue closely attached to the "microenvironment" on titanium implant "neck" of the surface, then form implant soft tissue seal interface and its physiological function, become effectively prevent microbial invasion caused research focus of implant loosening. Stero-prototyping titanium implant surface "roughness" as research object, The main study includes implant transgingival sanctions section micro-structure design, micro-nano composite structure construction, and micro mechanism of biological sealing of the interface between implant surface and soft tissue. Make sure the the difference of cell adhesion, morphology, growth factor and gene expression between gingival epithelial cell and fiber cell on the Ti surface microscopic feature (micro nano hierarchical structure, surface energy, surface chemical composition) . Through the animal experimentation, To explore the effects of segmented surface micro-structure on implant epithelial tissue interface, implant connective tissue interface and the biological response of soft tissue section and implant soft tissue binding, Combined with the observation of molecular, cytology and tissue morphology, study the biological sealing between implant and gingival tissue systematically, discuss the mechanism of biological sealing preliminary, and provide a theoretical basis to the surface treatment process for titanium gingival implant.

钛牙种植体穿龈处软组织生物学密封对种植修复的长期成功率极其重要。如何在钛种植体 “颈部”的表面构建软组织紧密附着的“微环境”，进而形成种植体-软组织密封界面及行使其生理功能，成为有效防止因微生物侵袭造成种植体松动的研究重点。项目以3D打印钛种植体“粗糙”表面为研究对象，围绕种植体穿龈处分段微结构设计和微纳复合结构构建及其与牙龈软组织界面之间的生物学密封微观机制进行应用基础研究。通过组织细胞培养，考察表面微观特性（微纳分级结构、表面能、表面化学组成等）对牙龈上皮细胞和成纤维细胞的粘附形态、生长因子合成以及相关基因表达的差异的影响。通过比格犬下颌植入实验，研究表面分段微结构设计对种植体-上皮组织界面、种植体-结缔组织界面以及软组织断面的生物学反应和植入体-软组织结合力的影响机制，结合分子、细胞学和组织形态学观察，系统研究种植体与穿龈组织之间的生物学密封并对其机理进行初步探讨。

项目围绕牙种植体穿龈处分段微结构设计、微纳复合结构构建及其与牙龈软组织界面之间的生物学密封微观机制进行应用基础研究。通过在3D打印钛植入体表面构建分段式微纳复合结构（纳米管“装填”纳米级磷灰石的复合结构），并完成口腔上皮细胞、成纤维细胞提取、分离与培养，考察钛植入体表面HGFs和HGECs的黏附、增殖、生长因子合成量、基因表达水平等。研究发现：TiO2纳米管结构对HGFs和HGECs黏附与增殖均起到促进作用；装填的纳米级磷灰石可以与阳极氧化发挥协同作用，使其对HGFs和HGECs的促进能力更强，甚至对HGECs的促进能力与经机械抛光工艺表面相当。从牙龈上皮细胞、成纤维细胞黏附形态及增殖、基因表达水平差异情况，可初步证实了申请者提出的科学假设“经纳米级磷酸钙“装填”的阳极氧化纳米管管状结构能进一步的诱导上皮细胞和成纤维细胞伪足的伸入并形成紧密的联锁穿插”，并对申请人提出的假设“可阻止上皮组织的下行和提高纤维结缔组织与植入体的结合性”在细胞学方面提供试验基础。显然，这仍需进一步进行体内植入切片实验验证以及牙龈组织的探诊深度等方面的研究。无疑对软组织-植入体界面结合不佳引起的植入体松动有重要临床意义。