blaNDM-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae isolate was firstly reported in 2009 in China, while it rapidly spread multiple provinces and cities within recent years, such as Henan, Yunnan, Hunan, Shandong and Zhejiang province, which indicates it would be a epidemic threaten. It is such an important issue to figure out how Enterobacteriaceae isolates obtain the blaNDM-1 gene and develope to such pathogens, known as "Superbug", threatening to public health. In this study, 35 blaNDM-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae isolates are collected and have confirmed all of which are located on plasmids. We are going to evaluate the transfer ability of blaNDM-1 plasmid intra-species by using filt-mating experiment, investigate the sequence characteristics of the blaNDM-1 plasmid using high-throughput sequencing technology followed by sequence alignment. To reveal evolution regularity of the transconjugants during serial passage, fitness-cost values and compensatory mutations of chromosome will then be detected by fitness-cost experiment and whole genomic sequencing, respectively. The function of those chromosome mutations will be testified by gene knockout and genetic complemantation experiment. In this study, we hope to clarify the dissemination mechanism of the blaNDM-1 gene intra-species, reveal the evolution regularity of blaNDM-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae and finally find effective provention and control measures to this clinical pathogen.
我国首例blaNDM-1阳性肠杆菌科细菌报道于2011年,短短3年间该菌在河南、云南、湖南、山东及浙江等地出现,有很快广泛流行的趋势。急需明确blaNDM-1基因如何进入肠杆菌科细菌,后者又如何发展成为威胁严重的"超级细菌"。本课题组前期已收集35株携带blaNDM-1基因的肠杆菌科细菌,其耐药基因均位于质粒上。本研究拟通过接合实验,明确携带blaNDM-1质粒在细菌种内及种间的转移能力;通过质粒的高通量测序及序列分析,明确携带blaNDM-1质粒的序列特点;通过转化子连续传代过的适应性代价研究,探寻耐药菌发展的规律;运用基因组DNA高通量测序、基因敲除及回补实验,验证介导传代转化子适应性回复的补偿突变及其功能。阐明blaNDM-1基因在肠杆菌科细菌种内和不同种属间快速扩散的机制及携带blaNDM-1基因肠杆菌科细菌耐药进化的规律,为控制blaNDM-1基因在不同种属间的传播提供科学依据。
2010年产NDM-1型碳青霉烯酶革兰阴性菌首次被报道,此后该耐药菌迅速在国内外多个国家蔓延;在我国,该基因从刚开始的仅携带于不动杆菌属细菌到肠杆菌科细菌中的广泛分布。研究结果警示产NDM-1酶革兰阴性菌的流行速度快、波及范围广,已然引起了广泛关注。通过本研究,我们报道blaNDM-1基因存在于肠杆菌科细菌多个不同的菌种中,包括大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、弗氏枸橼酸杆菌及阴沟肠杆菌等等,并揭示其可以通过多种方式在不同菌种间播散、且传播速度快,这是造成该耐药菌在全世界范围内、短时间内迅速流行的重要原因。首先,证明质粒是介导blaNDM-1基因快速转移的重要媒介,质粒大小均一(一般50kb左右),具有极强的转移能力,能通过接合及电转等多种方式在肠杆菌科细菌不同菌种间转移。其次,转座结构是另外承载耐药基因并具有转移功能的元件。本研究在国际上首次报道了肠杆菌科细菌中blaNDM基因位于染色体上,定位于ISCR1元件的Tn转座结构中,该转座结构极有可能是耐药基因转移的载体,介导blaNDM-1基因在染色体与质粒间穿梭,使得该基因具备了稳定的、垂直遗传的能力。除开NDM-1型酶,我们还报道了产NDM-5亚型肠杆菌科细菌在浙江流行及播散的情况。该基因亚型与blaNDM-1基因具有类似的分子流行病学特点,能在肠杆菌科细菌不同菌种间迅速转移扩散,成为又一流行耐药基因。最后,为解决临床治疗的难点,我们以对金属酶有效的药物氨曲南作为联合治疗的基础用药,通过体外联合药敏试验以及杀菌曲线验证了氨曲南联合阿莫西林/克拉维酸对于产金属酶菌株的体外疗效,为临床抗感染治疗提供了有价值的参考。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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