EAHE与建筑本体蓄热跨时间尺度耦合及协同激发热压潜力研究

EAHE (or Earth-air-tube ventilation system) attracts great attention from scientific community due to its energy-saving potential for regulating indoor thermal environment. However, the combination of EAHE and buildings leads to the coupling of underground heat storage effects and building thermal mass inevitably. There are remarkable differences in both time scale and capacity between the underground heat storage and building thermal mass, which could generate either synergistic effects or conflicts during the regulation process. The previous studies primarily focused on the independent effects of EAHE or building thermal mass; however, very few studies have been conducted for their multi-time-scale coupling effects. This project proposes the conceptual mode of combing the EAHE, building thermal mass and buoyancy-driven ventilation, and also the hypothesis about the transition from the harmonic oscillations of indoor thermal environment parameters to anharmonic oscillations. Based on the conceptual mode and the hypothesis, through theoretical analysis, reduced-scale experiments and monitoring tests of actual buildings, etc., this project will investigate the mechanism for the multi-time-scale coupling between EAHE and building thermal mass, and the resulting dynamics of indoor thermal environment. This project will also explore the potential of the combination of EAHE and building thermal mass for generating or adjusting thermal buoyancy in both annual and daily fluctuation periods. Finally, it will establish the theory about the coupling between EAHE and building thermal mass, and will develop the multi-parameter matching methods accordingly. The above achievements will provide both new perspectives and methods for the research of heat storage utilization for improving indoor thermal environment. It will also provide theoretical basis for optimizing the combinations of EAHE and building thermal mass.

EAHE（或地道风系统）因在调节室内热环境中表现出的节能潜力而引起学术界的高度关注。然而，EAHE介入建筑后不可避免地引入地层蓄热与建筑本体蓄热的耦合。二者的蓄热容量与时间尺度差异巨大，其耦合既可能催生协同效应，也可能导致抵触与矛盾。现有研究主要关注EAHE或建筑本体蓄热各自的效应，而对二者的跨时间尺度耦合机制及行为缺乏认识。本项目在提出组合EAHE、建筑本体蓄热与热压通风的构想以及室内热环境参数简谐-非简谐波动转捩假说的基础上，通过理论分析、模型实验与工程实测等手段，研究EAHE与建筑本体蓄热的跨时间尺度耦合机理及其引发的室内热环境时滞特性，发掘EAHE与建筑本体蓄热在年、日两个周期中协同激发与调节热压的潜力，构建EAHE与建筑本体蓄热的耦合理论及其协同调控室内热环境的多参数匹配方法，为研究利用蓄热改善室内热环境提供新的视角与方法，并为EAHE与建筑的更优融合提供科学依据。

EAHE是一种重要的被动式建筑热环境调控技术。本项目基于自行发展的数学方法，建立系列理论模型，实现了重要理论突破，主要进展如下：1、建立了恒定风量条件下EAHE出口空气温度动态变化的理论模型，揭示了室外气候参数及岩土蓄放热对EAHE出口空气温度相位差与振幅比两个特征参数的影响机制，为计算EAHE出口空气温度提供了定量、简洁的工具；2、建立热压与蓄热体耦合下建筑自然通风的数学模型，弥补了前人对该非线性问题只能获得数值解的缺陷，给出了该模式下空气温度与风量动态变化的显式表达，发现热压诱导气流量与室内空气温度存在非简谐波动现象，并且从定量模型出发解释了非简谐波动的形成原因；3、提出利用室内热压驱动EAHE通风换热（制冷），实现同时向建筑提供新风与冷（热）量的新模式（EAHEBV模式），针对该纯波动模式下的风量与空气温度的振幅/相位差建立了定量模型，证明EAHEBV模式对于夏热冬冷地区的部分类型建筑的适宜性；4、研究了EAHE截面形状对出口空气温度的影响，提出利用扁平状截面形式来强化EAHE内部空气与周围岩土的换热，进而改善出口空气温度波动的构想；建立了扁平状EAHE的换热模型与出口空气温度波动特性计算方法；证明在相同换热面积下，扁平状EAHE的空气温度调节能力显著强于传统圆形截面EAHE；5、以上述研究为基础，建立以需求为导向的EAHE与建筑耦合匹配的定量方法；提出从调控目标出发逆向确定与之相匹配的EAHE工程参数（埋深、长度、管径、单根管道的风量等）的技术路径，为基础理论与工程应用的衔接奠定了基础。6、在典型夏热冬冷地区（重庆）搭建全尺寸EAHE实验平台，在盛夏时节开展了为其一周的不间断测试，证明了EAHE在夏季对于空气有显著的降温效果，同时证明EAHE中存在明显的潜热换热与除湿作用。.本项目整体完成了预期目标，并进行了适当扩展，部分成果超出了预定计划。共发表SCI论文11篇，申请发明专利1项，参加境外学术交流4人次，培养研究生5名。