彝族移民心血管代谢危险的纵向比较和预测研究

In this study Yi people are divided into two groups, Yi farmer and Yi migrants. Yi farmers live in the remote mountainous villages in Southwestern China. They are very isolated and have preserved their own language and primitive lifestyle, and they rarely eat meat with potato, oat and buckwheat as staple food. Yi migrants living in county seats have changed their original lifestyle including diet to more resemble one of the Han residents with their staple food of rice, meat and fresh vegetables. In the past three decades, more and more Yi farmers moved to towns and cities for their working and living. Previous studies have showed that no essential hypertension was virtually existed in Yi farmers and no trend of increasing blood pressure with age was found. Thus, the Yi Migrant Study provides an ideal opportunity to further investigate the role of gene and environments on development of obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors. .Our research group have initiated molecular epidemiology study on hypertension and type 2 diabetes among Yi people in 1996, 2003 and 2007-2008, respectively. The study results showed that Yi migrants had the significant higher prevalence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes than Yi farmers. Yi farmers had a lowest prevalence of hypertension in China, even in the world. .In this study, scientific issues targeted includes (1) What are the determinants influencing the differences of prevalence and clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors between Yi farmers and Yi migrants? (2) What are the biological mechanisms responsible for the association between Obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors and what is the power of obesity to predict adverse cardiometabolic outcomes? (3) How does the effect of an interaction between genes and environments on the etiology of obesity?.Both of cross-sectional study and case-control study will be used in this study. Study objectives are (1) To understand difference on prevalence and clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors between Yi farmers and Yi migrants. (2) To compare the trend of cardiometabolic risk between Yi farmers and Yi migrants and predict cardiometabolic risk in Yi migrants. (3) To examine the association of obesity with the other cardiometabolic risk factors and observe the differences in effects of obesity on the other cardiometabolic risk factors among Yi farmers and Yi migrants. (4) To explore an interaction between gene and environments in the etiology of obesity and determine the prediction determinants of cardiometbolic risk. .Most of cardiometabolic risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle changed. A study on etiology of cardiometabolic risk factors will benefit to prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases, furthermore, to reduce the burden of chronic diseases especially in China with limited health resources.

四川凉山彝族农民主要生活在偏远的山区农村，是至今仍沿袭着较原始的生活方式，膳食结构单一，遗传上相对同源的隔离群体。以往研究显示彝族农民的高血压患病率在国内是最低的。自本世纪80年代开始，部分彝族农民逐渐移居到城镇生活，其生活方式和膳食结构也随之发生巨大变化。彝族移民的高血压患病率逐渐上升，并显著高于彝族农民，接近于移居城镇的汉族居民的患病水平。彝族移民这一特殊队列为开展遗传和环境因素交互作用对疾病发生的影响提供了难得的天然现场。.本研究将应用横断面研究和病例对照研究，在以往研究的现场对彝族移民进行追访，动态观察比较和预测彝族移民心血管代谢危险的变化趋势。因为肥胖是高血压和糖尿病等其他心血管代谢危险因素的诱因之一，所以本研究还将深入探讨遗传和环境因素交互作用对彝族肥胖的影响，评估肥胖对心血管代谢危险的预测能力，期望为揭示我国农村-城镇人口流动所带来的健康问题及多种疾病综合防治提供科学依据。