面向航空变体结构的柔性复合材料蒙皮技术研究

In orger to satisfy the requirement for complicated morphing of aeronautical strucutres, this project deals with flexible composite skins(FCS) with recoverable large deformation function for aeronautical morphing application (i.e. wings, air inlet etc.). (1) Some new novel flexible composite skins with excellent mechanical properties are proposed.(2) Based on engineering mechanics methodology, macroscopic and microscopic mechanical models are prosentd to analyze the FCS’s behaviour determined by materials mechanism in the status of design, fabrication and service condtions. From the perspective of multilevel and multiscale, quantitative relationships between macroscopic mechanical behaviours and material properties and macroscopic-microscopic geometric charateristics are established, and the large deformation functional behaviour and comprehensive mechanical properties are evaluated. Thus, the internal mechaism of different FCS schemes is revealed (3) The integrated analysis and design methods for the FCS and morphing structures based on the FCS are developed and analyzed. (4) On the above basis, using the efficient optimal algorithm and computer-aided design technology, comprehensive optimizations of the FCS and morphing structures are conducted in the macro-micro multilevel and multiscale respectively to determine the optimimal integrated component materials, macro-micro structural details and parameters, and fabrication parameters and process etc. (5) According to the optimal scheme, the specimens of FCS and typical morphing structures based on the FCS are fabricated and the experiments are carried out to varify the above mechanical models and optimal results.

以面向应用于航空变体结构(变体机翼、变体进气道等)的具有可恢复大变形功能的柔性复合材料蒙皮为研究对象，针对航空变体结构的复杂变体需求，(1)提出高性能柔性复合材料蒙皮的概念设计方案；(2)运用工程力学方法，提出其设计、制备和实际使用状态下材料作用过程的宏/细观力学分析模型，建立多层次跨尺度宏观力学性能与其组分材料性能和宏/细观结构特征之间的定量关系，评估其复杂状态下的大变形功能特性和综合力学性能，揭示其内在的力学机制；（3）建立柔性复合材料蒙皮及其变体结构的一体化设计与分析方法；（4）在此基础上，利用高效优化算法和计算机辅助设计技术，对柔性复合材料蒙皮及其变体结构分别从细观和宏观层面进行多层次跨尺度优化设计，获得优化的组分材料的选择与匹配、宏/细观结构特征与尺寸参数、工艺参数等；（5）根据优化结果，制备柔性复合材料蒙皮及其变体结构典型件，并进行力学性能测试，验证上述模型及优化结果的有效性。

面向未来变体飞机的航空变体结构具有典型的结构-功能一体化特点，其中最为关键的技术问题之一是能适应各种复杂变体功能和气动设计要求的柔性复合材料蒙皮及其变体机翼。因此，本项目针对柔性复合材料蒙皮及其变体机翼设计、制备和使用状态下科学问题进行研究。设计开发了高性能新型柔性复合材料蒙皮，建立了评估复杂状态下的大变形功能特性和综合力学性能的分析模型和试验技术，完成了新型柔性复合材料蒙皮及其变体结构的优化设计和实验验证。这既是未来先进航空复合材料结构研制的所需，也是复合材料技术发展之必然。本项目在柔性复合材料蒙皮及其航空变体结构的基础设计理论、材料与工艺、综合试验验证技术等方面取得了成体系的进展，研制出了3款新型柔性复合材料蒙皮和2款变弯度原理样机，正在与中航工业成飞等单位合作，瞄准下一步的工程化应用。