斥水性土壤水文过程及水文模型入渗模块研究

Research contents: Soil repulsion changes the three-dimensional distribution and dynamic characteristics of soil moisture, and thus results in the uneven distribution of soil moisture; Soil repulsion not only directly affects soil wettability, but also has an important impact on its ecological and hydrological processes. This research takes the hydrological processes of hydrophilic and hydrophobic soils inGUI shui river basin of northern China as research object, this topic is conducted on the following subjects: (1) Based on the macroscopic investigations outside to construct the spatial distribution characteristics of soil hydrophobicity in the northern soil-rock mountain area; (2) to explore the hydrophobic soil infiltration - flow mechanism by laboratory experiments; (3) Use the probability density function math tool to build the mathematical model, which can unify the change process that monotonic decrease of the infiltration rate of hydrophilic soil and the single peak curve of hydrophobic soil; (4) Based on Matlab GUI toolbox, to research and development water infiltration module of hydrological model, it has embedded and universal functions. It is expected that above research can provides scientific support for understanding the law of watershed water cycle and supporting regional ecological construction..Innovation points: Establish an infiltration-runoff hydrological model which can unify the hydrological processes of hydrophilic and hydrophobic soil..Expected achievements: Published more than 2 SCI/EI papers and applied for 2 patents through the research of this topic.

研究内容：土壤斥水性的存在改变了土壤水分的三维分布和动力学特性，导致土壤水分的不均匀分布；土壤斥水性不仅直接影响土壤的润湿能力，而且对其生态水文过程产生重要影响。本课题以妫水河流域森林亲水性土壤和斥水性土壤水文过程为研究对象：①通过野外调研，构建北方土石山区土壤斥水性空间分布特征；②通过室内试验，探寻斥水性土壤入渗-产流机制；③借助概率密度函数数学工具，建立能够将亲水性土壤入渗率单调减小、斥水性土壤单峰曲线变化过程统一起来的数学模型；④基于Matlab GUI工具箱，开发具有嵌入式和通用性功能的水文模型水分入渗模块。通过以上研究为深入认识流域水循环过程规律，支撑区域生态建设提供科学支撑。.创新点：建立能够将亲水性和斥水性水分入渗统一起来的入渗-产流水文模型。.预期成果：通过本课题的研究，发表SCI/EI论文2篇以上，申请专利2项。

1研究背景：.土壤斥水性的存在改变了土壤水分的三维分布和动力学特性导致土壤水分的不均匀分布，而且对其他生态水文过程产生重要影响。传统单调减小的水分入渗模型不仅不能真实反映水分入渗过程，而且还会导致水文模拟存在较大误差。只有将土壤斥水性纳入水文模型，才能对水文过程以做出正确评估。如何将斥水性土壤单峰曲线入渗过程以及亲水性土壤单调入渗过程统一起来，成为水文学领域研究的一个热点。.2研究内容：.本课题主要研究内容为：①通过野外调研，构建北方土石山区土壤斥水性空间分布特征；②通过室内试验，探寻斥水性土壤入渗-产流机制；③建立能够将亲水性土壤入渗率单调减小、斥水性土壤单峰曲线变化过程统一起来的数学模型；④开发具有嵌入式和通用性功能的水文模型水分入渗模块。.3重要结果：.本课题主要研究研究成果为：1揭示了研究区土壤斥水性空间分布特征，解析了土壤斥水性影响因素；2构建了亲水性土壤三阶段入渗和斥水性土壤五阶段入渗统一起来的数学模型；3提出了斥水性土壤五阶段入渗理论；4从斥水性消失、植物根系生长、体积膨胀以及温度升高四个维度，解析了入渗率单峰曲线产生的机理。在《Hydrological Processes》、《IC- ASWR2021》、《Expert Systems with Applications》、《Structures》、《中国水利水电科学研究院学报》等期刊发表SCI论文3篇，会议论文1篇，中文核心2篇。申请发明/实用新型专利60余项，授权软件著作权74项。.4科学意义.通过系统研究山区土壤斥水性的影响因素和时空分布规律，认识土石山区土壤斥水性的物理图景，并以室内试验为基础系统观测典型地形、植被、土壤斥水性等条件下坡面产流、入渗和土壤蒸发过程，揭示土壤斥水性的水文效应。从而为坡面集流设施建设、土壤水资源评价提供理论支撑，为基于微地形生态支撑能力评估的水土资源评价与配置提供理论支撑，为山地生态建设提供科技支撑。