孵化器创新生态系统结构、行为与演化研究

Experience from other countries has shown that the incubator is an effective organization to promote Scientific Achievements Transformation, foster high-tech SMEs, and accelerate the development of new industries. However, the current path dependence of quantitative expansion is a serious constraint of upgrading incubator in China. This project is focused on the following research questions: How does incubator innovation ecosystems form and evolve? What is the path of transforming government-oriented "artificial ecosystem" into market-oriented "natural ecosystem" for the incubators? .This project, based on the incubator developing situations and typical case analysis, explains the unbalanced development of the current Chinese incubator from an ecological perspective. The study on incubator ecological characteristics, ecosystem structure, function and behavioral processes by exploring incubator "structure - function - process" is going to show the forming path, evolution mechanism and evolution of incubator ecosystem. In order to provide the solution of incubator policy system optimization from the supply and demand of the policy, and the environmental dimensions, the research discusses the integrity of current incubator policy system, the collaboration between policies and the performance of incubator policy by policy quantitative study of the existing incubators..The project is aimed at providing a new perspective and idea of transforming government-oriented "artificial ecosystem" into market-oriented "natural ecosystem" for the incubators in China.

各国发展经验证明，孵化器是推动科技成果转化，培育高技术中小企业、促进新兴产业发展的有效组织。但当前对孵化器数量扩张型发展模式的路径依赖，严重制约中国孵化器的转型升级。项目将研究问题聚焦于：孵化器创新生态系统如何形成与演进，实现孵化器由政府主导的“人工生态”向市场导向的“自然生态”转变路径是什么？项目基于孵化器发展现实情境与典型案例分析，从生态视角对当前中国孵化器发展失衡做出解释，通过探讨孵化器“结构—功能—过程”，研究孵化器生态特征，生态系统组织结构、功能和行为过程，孵化器生态系统形成路径与演化机理和演化规律，通过对现有孵化器政策定量研究，探讨当前孵化器政策体系完整性、政策之间协同，以及孵化器政策绩效，从政策供给层面、需求层面与环境层面提出孵化器政策体系优化方案。以期为推动中国孵化器发展实现由政府主导的“人工生态”向市场导向的“自然生态”转变提供一个新的视角和思路。

当前中国孵化器数量已经跃居全球第一，孵化器体质增效已成为下阶段孵化器行业发展的关键。借鉴创新生态系统研究范式，项目从构建孵化器创新生态系统角度，聚焦孵化器绩效影响因素和绩效提升路径。.项目主要研究内容包括：首先从生态租金角度，理解孵化创新生态系统竞争优势本质，并以生态租金种类和数量变化，解释孵化创新生态系统演化路径和规律。其次，针对现实中不同类型孵化器掌握资源不同的现实，从所有制结构差异和孵化服务功能差异两个维度，比较不同类型孵化器孵化绩效的差异，并“资源-行动-绩效”框架下，解释孵化器资源结构影响孵化绩效的机理。第三，从孵化网络嵌入和孵化服务支持视角，研究孵化网络嵌入程度对在孵企业绩效的影响路径。第四，从在孵企业生存分析角度，研究孵化绩效影响因素。第五，从生态位，研究区域孵化器发展水平与适宜度，探讨孵化器发展与区域经济发展耦合互动关系，形成对区域孵化器宏观布局的认识。第六，基于文本分析法研究孵化器政策体系，从孵化链条角度探讨当前孵化器政策体系的适应性。.课题组相关研究成果共在CSSCI期刊发表论文19篇，其中13篇发表在国家自然科学基金委管理学部认定重要学术期刊上，并为广东省科技企业孵化器协会提交政策咨询报告2篇。项目研究提出了基于功能定位的孵化器绩效分类评价体系，已应用在科技部门对孵化器绩效考核办法中。项目研究期间，共培养博士生2名，硕士生5名。