毛竹林生态系统碳稳性对硅肥与生物质炭复合介入的响应研究

Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens), an important forest resource and excellent carbon sequestration plant in South China, plays a significant role in forestry's response to climate change and national ecological civilization strategy. The dynamics of phytolith carbon sequestration and soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in Moso bamboo forests affected carbon cycle and long-term carbon sequestration of Moso bamboo forests ecosystems, How to regulate and control the input of exogenous substances to promote the formation of phytolith carbon sinks in Moso bamboo forests, to increase the stability of soil organic carbon reservoirs, to reduce the soil greenhouse gas emissions? it is very important for enhancing the carbon sink function of Moso bamboo forests. This study intends to analyze the carbon sink formation of phytoliths in Moso bamboo forests ecosystems by the combination of exogenous substances (silicate fertilizer and biomass charcoal), SOC pool stability, soil greenhouse gas emissions and the inherent mechanism by long-term fixed sample management field and long-time continuous positioning observation combined with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology(NMR). The target of this study is to clear further the response characteristics of phytoliths carbon sequestration, soil organic carbon fraction and soil greenhouse gas emission during the intervention process of silicate fertilizer and biomass charcoal, to clarify its internal influence mechanism and reveal the contribution of silicon fertilizer and biochar to the increase of carbon stability in Moso bamboo ecosystems, and also to develop a composite technology system that aims to improve carbon sequestration and carbon stabilization of Moso bamboo forests. In addition, the results can provide a scientific basis for improving carbon sequestration ability of Moso bamboo forests ecosystems, practicing the scientific conclusion 'Lucid water and lush mountains are invaluable assets', and enhancing adaptation to mitigate global climate change.

毛竹是中国南方重要的森林资源和优良的固碳植物，在林业应对气候变化、国家生态文明战略中作用显著。毛竹林植硅体碳形成和土壤有机碳库动态深刻影响着毛竹林生态系统碳的稳定性，如何促进毛竹林植硅体碳形成、驱动土壤有机碳库稳定性提高、减少土壤温室气体排放，对于毛竹林碳汇功能提升意义重大。本项目拟通过长期野外固定样地经营管理、长时间连续定位观测结合核磁共振技术，分析外源物质(硅肥+生物质炭)复合介入对毛竹林生态系统植硅体碳形成、土壤有机碳库稳定性及土壤温室气体排放的影响及内在机制，明确复合介入过程中毛竹林植硅体碳形成、土壤有机碳组分和土壤温室气体排放响应特征，阐明其内在响应机制，揭示复合介入对毛竹林生态系统碳稳定性提升的贡献，研发以提高毛竹林生态系统固碳稳碳能力为主要目标的复合增汇经营技术体系，为提升毛竹林生态系统的碳汇功能、实践绿水青山就是金山银山的科学论断、提高适应减缓全球气候变化能力提供科学依据。

毛竹是中国南方重要的森林资源和优良的固碳植物，在林业应对气候变化、国家生态文明战略中作用显著。毛竹林植硅体碳形成和土壤有机碳库动态深刻影响着毛竹林生态系统碳的稳定性，如何促进毛竹林植硅体碳形成、驱动土壤有机碳库稳定性提高、减少土壤温室气体排放，对于毛竹林碳汇功能提升意义重大。本项目依托建立的毛竹林经营固定样地，通过近3年的野外调查，重点分析生物质炭和硅肥作为经营干扰措施对毛竹林生态系统碳汇能力的影响机制。项目完成了预期目标，通过详实的数据分析和碳汇能力响应机理解析，获取了生物质炭和硅肥作为经营干扰措施对毛竹林生态系统植被碳汇、土壤碳汇及植硅体碳汇影响的基础数据，阐明了生物质炭施入和硅肥施入对毛竹林生态系统碳汇能力提升的影响机制，丰富了毛竹林生态系统低碳经营的技术手段，为我国南方毛竹林资源丰富地区的竹林经营提供了科学的选择，也为毛竹林固碳能力提升提供了科学的技术和操作层面的依据。相关成果已经发表论文10篇，其中包括Forest Ecology and Management、Science of the Total Environment、Frontiers in Plant Science、Plant and Soil、Forests等本领域国际知名期刊，其中生物质炭对毛竹林生态系统净碳汇能力的影响论文成为ESI热点论文（Forest Ecology and Management, 2020, 475:118447），共培养了硕士研究生4名，以本项目研究成果为重要技术支持发布一项行业标准《竹林低碳经营与碳汇计量监测技术规范》，获得梁希科普一等奖1项。